(This paper was submitted to the British journal [Nature])
How on earth were humans born? How did the ancient anthropoid (in fact, it is apes) talent showing itself and turn into human beings who can as the dominate everything including the apes themselves in nature? But, why haven’t other primates and apes with the same physiological functions evolved into humans? And how did a rich and complex language come into being in ancient humans in the absence of a culture? And why can only humans laugh and so on?
This is a dialectical logic based on and also beyond the laws of nature, interlocking with each other and corroborating each other. and could have had success and successes.
For thousands of years, however, all kinds of theories of the human birth and the origin of human language and laugh have failed to put forward the internal logic of science, even the most famous of Darwin’s theory of evolution, only reveals the simple objective process which apes had evolved into human, the theory of evolution has certain scientific, but because of its scientific, there should be a common law applicable to all biology of nature, rather than only applies to the individual or only a few biology, otherwise, it is not scientific.
Then, according to the theory of evolution, since all things in nature have been evolving, and since all things in nature are equal, universally connected, mutually interacting and mutually reinforcing, and the law of the jungle too, restrict each other, without privilege,Then, it is impossible that only the ape alone, can evolve into the high animal who can dominate all things and animals– human,from the crosswise, range view, other animals and biology can only always low evolve, primitive wandering; It is impossible that only some apes among the countless apes were evolving, other apes were just willing to be spectators. It is also impossible that only ancient apes can evolve into human, from longitudinal, time view, but the descendants of apes cannot, that is, according to Darwin’s theory of evolution, reason out the self-contradiction of denying evolution. This is also contrary to the evolutionary principle of “survival of the fittest by natural selection”, not to mention the law of natural balance (see the author’s other monograph).
Because of this fundamental flaw, some scientists have makeup the idea that anthropoid(similar to human) had came first, as if to say that humans was inborn(have already had), it is a clear myths of violation of the nature and human history. In fact, there should only be ordinary apes in nature, no natural anthropoid(similar to human), only chimpanzees are relatively close to or similar to humans.
As for the tools theory of the authority theory:it is because apes can use tools so that they have evolved into humans. The problem is that all primates with division of hands and feet, such as monkeys and bears,can instinctively use simple natural tools, but are far from being able to thereby evolve into humans.
As for creatively use of tools able to defeat predators, herds, or for production, that is the result, not the cause, of having became human. It can be seen that tools are only external causes — changing conditions, as the changes from animals to human can only be based on the qualitative changes from the body and spirit. There is both inevitability and contingency, and contingency is predominant.
Because, if evolution is inevitable, neither conform to law of together with evolution or restrict each other of the natural balance law, nor conform to the history and reality: the vast majority of apes, or the apes in different places, or later apes all can’t evolved into human, nor conform to the basis of natural balance law: not need the noble human in nature, nature can be natural balance, sustainable existence, slow but orderly development or evolving; And, it is conceivable that there could be countless planets with living things in an boundless, timeless universe, but at least most of them have no human birth. Therefore, the birth of human beings on our earth is more accidental, because it is mainly accidental, is consistent with solid evidence: only –
How did a small group of common apes become human?
Before the human society born, except for plants, there were two main groups of animals in nature: carnivores and herbivores. Carnivores commonly known as beasts of prey, infestation of run amuck in the earth, whenever and wherever they had been threating the lives of other animals; Herbivores, due to their strong fecundity, usually move in groups to seize the plant territory. Primates such as apes can also be classified as herbivores. In fact, what we call “anthropoid” are only ordinary apes (orangutans). ”anthropoids” neither ferocity as carnivores, nor fecundity and endurance of herbivores, both always life and death threated by the beast, and unable to contend with herds of horses and cattle and other animals for natural plants because of the limitations of fertility and physical fitness, that how to stand out in the natural selection, survival of the fittest sinister environment, from the weak leap into the mother nature master able to compete beast, dominate the animal?In nature, selfishness and the law of the jungle are the nature of all living things, especially animals. They are the basis for the survival, continuation and evolution of mother nature. Carnivores, because the object they want to eat also includes their own kind, so, one mountain can not be two tigers, if put together often kill each other, its nature like more alone, or only with their own children temporarily together, generally even a vicious tiger will not eat its cub. A few carnivores also live in groups, such as lions and wolves. This is because when hunting herbivores that are several times larger than themselves, requires “strength in Numbers”. However, the number of carnivores in groups will not increase as much as herbivores, as long as it is strong enough, in case short of food, they will fight among themselves, even eat their partners. In this way, not only have carnivores no collective force, but only the misfortune of living in groups;
Herbivores, including primates, do not kill each other because they mainly eat plants. Moreover, the characteristics of plants are numerous and numerous, especially in the face of attacks from predators at any time and anywhere, they need to have a large of numbers to deter. Therefore, their nature is mainly to survive in groups.
In the competitive nature of fight, animals group inevitably produce different levels of strength and weakness, until the king of the group, the king of the animal and other strong lead groups by primary and secondary. Obviously, the group dominated by the king of animals is based on violence and coercion, and dictatorship maintained by despotism and domination by his own and by a small number of associates,sometimes including blood children with the hierarchical level, and which all animals can only be forced to follow. The king of animals arbitrarily commandeered the food of other animals and body of female, and all animals could only offer free sacrifice to the king of animals, and only followed the lead of king. As a result, there was no interaction between ordinary animals, let alone mutual love,and animals and king are also fundamentally opposed, overtly agree but covertly oppose, dare to anger and dare not say, therefore, this kind of group life has only collective form without collective force.
Once attacked by beast of prey, the king of animals will only let other animals as a shield, it rely on strongest strength to escape before others. Other animals are as monkey see monkey do, scrambling to escape, I push you,you squeeze me, give up others to save himself, all want other animals to be eaten by beast,in order to save themselves, regardless and do not understand too the next may be eaten is himself, so that crushed one by one by a few or even a single beast, thousands of horses were defeated by a single lion, hundreds of monkeys were afraid of a single tiger, have always been in cycle of birth and death of being eaten by beasts arbitrarily. the more the number, more abundant food just provide for beasts. In fact, it takes only the strength of a few oxen or kick kung fu(martial arts) of a few horses or houquan unique skill of a few monkey – even no the golden club or 72 kinds of metamorphoses of the Monkey King Sun Wukong, are also enough to defeat any beast. Although this kind of ignorance, or lack of ambition, is what keeps nature in balance.
In central Africa, southeast Asia, tropical jungle, when the occasional lions, tigers again respectively attacked young children of chimpanzees and other apes,,, although the ape’s way of life is generally the small family: that is, a male ape with a few female apes and their children life. in the face of the children screeching, the male ape generally based on selfish and cowardly, only escaped, but individual female ape felt pain, because children were the flesh which fell from themselves, instinctively dared regardless of self, and risk her life to protect their children, and fought beast as reflexes, used the flexible monkey boxing, made the beast hard to succeed, both sides were at a stalemate; other mothers of apes whose children have been eaten by beasts shared a bitter hatred of the enemy, and help to fight back against the beasts, and roared, so that the male ape sideways were also inspired by it, and changed the habit of only escaping, to help. this kind of battle which never before array frightened the beast of prey, who was nature of a bullying and bully the weak and fear the strong, was forced to flee.
From then on, these pioneer of apes stayed together every time, once encountered beast attacking,they spontaneously mutual aid to fight, and gave full play to the advantages of foreleg as hand instinctively, despite in the close fighting, using hand to struck beast sometimes was not enough to make beasts afraid,before the beast rushed over, they looked for stones or sticks, and threw and deterred beasts; When they could not find a stone or stick sometime, in urgent they raised their hands and roared together.
Since they were unarmed, they instinctively embraced into a group under the tension, hand in hand with each other, forming a row or a circle of raising many fists, made the beasts afraid that they would hit out dense of stones or fists,direct the eyes upon and step back. After many rounds, the beasts of prey from not dare to act rashly against them, to staying at a respectful distance, until afraid of them — as if these apes were the king of beasts, and even the African lions and Asian tigers would not dare to fight for the honor of the king of beasts.
After numerous painful lessons of life and death battle experience, these apes were accustomed to together hand in hand,heart to heart, irrespective of big or small, strong or weak,all were equal together hand in hand depend on each other, if the previous ape king sometimes play privileges, disdain to mix with the puniness apes, or disdained or even bully weak or small apes, they were not willing to hand in hand work with the king,and lead to ape king fall behind the ranks, social withdrawal, alone, often became the target attacked by beast hidden in near jungle, this made King no longer usurp the role of the king, and actively joined with everyone equally.
In order to deal with the attack of the beasts group, the apes enlarged unity with other sympathetic apes into an extended family,unity is strength.
However, it is still difficult to change the physiological habits of male apes sexual dominance female apes, which inevitably leads to disharmonious fierce competition within the alliance and make the alliance division. The mother apes could not bear it any longer. After all, the mother apes were the first real hero who dared to fight against the beasts! even were not afraid beasts, how could be afraid of the male ape? ! The female ape changed her submission to the male ape and began to resist the male ape’s “rape” to her, and demanded that sex must gain her willing!
In this way, the conflict between males apes for contending females was reduced. When some male apes turned open strife into infighting between each other, some female apes then curbed directly male apes of infighting between internal friction, showed whom she was only loving or required them to comply with order, as uphold justice,In addition, in the large family of many small family combinations, a female ape is no longer belong to a male ape, so all children only recognized its mother and did not know its father. They instinctively help their mother emotionally, especially because they are impatient with such vices as “fathers”, made the male apes had to obey the female apes, from male apes wanting intercourse must be consensus with female ape,developed to any collaboration or getting along must get agree with both sides and even among all apes.over time,had established the authority of the mother apes, The great apes family turned into a matriarchal clan: equality instead of hierarchy of force, and consent instead of selfish violence.
From then on, a brand new social relationship began: everyone was equal and respected each other, and the more equal everyone was, the more willing they were to communicate and help each other, which gave birth to and enriched language. As most apes in this tropical jungle were of type O blood, they were outspoken by nature, whenever and wherever could express different opinions , and required their mothers to listen to them.
Since when everyone expressed opinions, often hold different points of view,unable to decide which was right, could only agree on which side is more loud voice; Sometimes hard to tell which is better, when they could figure out count, it evolved to the minority is subordinate to the majority rules: referendum for affairs! just right, the apes were accustomed to one unique skill when fighting beast: raising their both hands, withal, also follow suit, approver raised their hands, then figured out number of hands, more than half of the total are valid. the equality and desirable vote had evolved into the main part of the direct democracy – referendums.
Of course, in fact,it is impossibility everything are resorted to the vote,the general affairs were still determined by the mother apes, but generally there were some mother in a tribe, if determined by one mother, obviously not conform to democracy, even if all mothers decided with the way of “minority is subordinate to the majority” of democratic, is not also completely conform to democracy -the justice of decided by all the people, and is not enough in efficiency when dealing with daily various affairs too. Especially as tribal members growing,demand increasing, but, the means of production and labor skills were still in the original slow development, it is difficult to rely on existing sites to produce more food and meet the needs of people, therefore, to expand the living space was the main problem, need the most powerful male apes to hold the post, especially beast of prey circling in outside world, and natural is mystery, need risk,most need more both wisdom and brave. And external activity had often a few people only, be inferior to in big family often had all or majority members gather together,was convenient for collective vote, together with may encounter all sorts of sudden danger risk at any time and place, need to have header unified command, decisive dictatorship.
However, the mother of any small family had no longer been the head of the big family by the blood, because it had already been many families combination, and the mother ape’s strength and courage were generally not as good as the male ape, the old ape is often not as good as the young ape, so, only by not limited the traditional parental priority,there is no need to stick to one pattern among all the members; Most of the weak apes still do not like the strong who bully themselves and play with privileges. The female apes have the same feeling and give priority to care of weak children. Thus, the big family choosing the leader not on strength alone, but on liked by the largest number of members — from the first that great majority of apes flock to the most popular candidate,uplift him together, to count the raising hands when each member agrees to vote,according to the democratic election of the minority subordinate to the majority.
It is likely that the initial election leaders were limited to the troops which take charge external affair of the tribe, and the management leadership was exercised by the mothers within the extended family. not only was the inertia of the newly established matriarchal clan tribe, but also the instinct of all children closer to and support their mothers in blood. And, more lie in maternal love nature is more selfless, caritas, dedication; once the extemal leaders hard to avoid mistakes for their health, or experience, intelligence quotient,or losing the trust of the majority for graft and so on,female apes would lead numbers to sack the chief with the similar voting system, chose new appropriate leader, excluded the beasts of contending for power and profit fight in the new round of competition within, maintained the equality, justice, order and unity of the extended family. in fact, external activities are often the main source of livelihood of the tribe, and the leaders are often easy to corrupt. Fortunately, most of the children are still”the scimitar with straight handle, kid tell the truth.” would protest on the spot or report to their mothers afterwards, so that leaders often were restrained.
Old apes could certainly not use modern so-called constitutional government and its complex separation of powers, restriction each other, autonomy, etc., they judged only according to the most simple likes and dislikes, trade-offs, first female apes led by in unbearable, avoid inevitable counterattack beast of power, and then female apes followed up a victory to revolt their internal hegemony of male apes with the support of many children, began to qualitative leapRule out the hegemony and rape of internal and external, implement the equality of power everyone, all exercise together tribal sovereignty; Even if electing leaders due to the need of external expansion and internal management, they kept instinctively vigilance to the leaders and afraid of reproducing the original overlord beast master. As a result, they were bound to stick to the referendum system and appointed a concise “basic law” with the leaders.
Principal-agent relationship: the leader is only the agent of all the members and can only exercise the power delegated by all the members, and all the members always hold all the sovereignty: any member has the right to bring a referendum, and the leader must implement any decision passed by the referendum, or else the leader can be removed at any time. Of course, within the scope of authority, each member must also submit to the leadership of the leader, unless it is changed or rejected by a referendum. This is the real reasonable sovereignty in the people, is also the human society constitutional basic norms (see the author’s other monograph).However, their intelligence and experience could only be with respect to the crisis in front of them, and they did not understand that should through separation of powers and restriction of each other, ensure the leaders to obey democracy and not abuse power. However, the prevalence of direct democracy had the logic to make everyone equal and caritas, freedom and happy, relationship harmony, mutual accommodation and mutual help, honest, speak out freely, no need to depress, and benign competition, chief enjoyed great popularity, charge at the head of one’s men,were brave to take on heavy responsibilities, protected group of apes, everyone were as close as brothers, more blood, when one party hard,help came from all sides.In this way, it is fundamentally different from all other animals, including other non-participating apes. Although their Numbers are small, they give full play to their physical strength and intelligence, radiated amazing energy, and formed a powerful collective of 1+1>2 Against the beasts of prey, they fought with the strength of the many against the strength of the few shared a bitter hatred of the enemy, unity is strength,so that the weak is able to overcome the strong, until the beast was afraid of them,looked the apes as King –Handsome Monkey King, the ancient Chinese classic “journey to the west” specifically selected monkey Sun Wukong as Great Sage Equalling Heaven,could beat the world all beasts, perhaps also well versed in this way or had this legend then.To herbivorous herd animals, apes divided and encircle them, differentiate to combine attack, with the united minority fight the disunited majority animals, can win more with less, until captured and domesticated herbivorous animals to become the cate that can enjoy at any time or labor tool, in order to aid to open up wasteland additionally to plant, ensured food and live without worry.and could:
1,No longer afraid of any beast, did not need to bow down and lower head, so that the limbs quickly escape, forelimb slowly completely free, as two hands to use, had two hands, they were able to use all the natural tools, and then produced many tools, production life had greatly enriched and improved; Moreover, as the forelimbs became hands, the hind limbs certainly slowly stood upright to support the whole body, thus they could slowly walk upright.
2, Although it is easy to fall down or stand unsteadily when walking upright at first,but, in a group life of equality and mutual assistance, everyone could stand up together by holding hands and helping each other friendly, which also shows that evolution, even in specific aspects, is often co-occurring.
3,Walking upright enable themselves to chin up and chest out, eliminate the short-sighted when the head lower, raising head facilitated to look in all directions, look for more and further food, forward-looking, vision broader, broader mind, increased knowledge, accumulated wisdom.
Solved survival crisis,and with a variety of food for choice, they were easy and happy. As soon as they felt comfortable, their thoughts would be active, their inspiration came out, their consciousness improved, and their wisdom developed. As a result, they mainly focused on how to live a better life. They constantly creatively used a variety of tools to improve the environment, transform nature, and obtained more and better food and supplies. Especially dexterity of both hands enabled them to help each other conveniently and timely,so that always grateful, changed the animal’s fate almost incapable laugh, often happily smiling,their brain completely relaxed, activating, constantly produced new language, greatly promoted interaction and communication, brainstorming, forming a virtuous cycle.
The key is in equality and unity of social life, make everyone is not only willing to, and easy to interaction and communication, so, everybody’s wisdom and ability are often equal to the addition of numerous people, supplement each other, bring out the best in each other, physiology habits, mental consciousness had been constantly optimizing, not only stood up like people from then on, and finally lived out of “human beings” — evolved into stand proudly in nature, was not afraid of any biology, truly equal, full freedom, unity and mutual assistance of higher animals-human! Such tribal groups became human societies.
Visible, the manner this kind of apes adopted was: everyone has power to start and participate to decide all affairs, formally, the birth of human is with living in groups society form, essentially, it is the relationship between people (later known as the political) must be equality and freedom, directly created or referendums on collective affairs, directly elect and depose leaders, namely, democracy is the premise of the birth of human society, is the key human evolved from the animal and distinguish with all animals. Democracy naturally is, should be, and can only be direct democracy, rather than indirect democracy in which decisions are made exclusively by agents such as officials.That is, a true democratic system is actually very simple — the system of universal trust and agency.
Thus, it follows that:freedom and equality are only natural rights of animals. Unity, mutual assistance, sharing and cooperation on the basis of equality are the key for lower animals to evolve into higher animals-human. The herbivore group only has the superficial unity, in fact is full of the animal king dominate group by hierarchy hegemony system; Carnivore is only individual freedom, equality alone, is full of the law of the jungle, persist their old ways, so that both of them are caught in the low-level cycle of nature balance law, impossibility have qualitative evolution.
If contemporary human beings still inherit and play these two kinds of systems, under the circumstance that human power can destroy all materials, doomed that human society, together with nature, has been degrading, weakening, dissimilating and deteriorating, until all perish together!
The evidence is as follows:
1.The richness and advance lop of the language
There is almost no language in the animal kingdom, and the sound of animals interacting with each other can only be limited to some special aspects. It is impossible for animals to evolve into the rich language of human beings: meeting the needs of communication, expressing emotions and displaying wisdom. existing simple language among animals is based on the urgent needs of the common: risk alert and intimidate the other party contact, call the young sons for food, looking for the young sons, summon the opposite sex in oestrus, etc., this a few kinds of language features:suffer strong stimulation, instinct physiological reaction, if don’t send voice,it is not enough to have a corresponding effect, or explode not without reason,all need only some very simple notes, syllables, tones, A very simple criterion is that each animal’s emergency breathing in response to the above phenomenon can be roughly emitted by its own vocal organs, and other similar animals can feel the same way and understand it.
the reason why animals are almost impossible to form other languages, because even if the same kind animals, between each other is given priority to with law of the jungle, at the same time, the only criteria any animal survival is selfish and inconsiderate, except the mothers take care of the young son in tending period, it is also because their young son are the meats which away from their body but also not completely separated, taking care of them likes take care of herself, once when the mother is face life and death hungry, eat her the young sons is equal to recycle their own flesh, naturally, there is no moral guilt.
So there are not many problems that need to be communicated to each other, or even on the contrary, don’t want other animals to know or share their information; Key is, within groups without exception are popular level commandeer system, all “speak” by individual physical strength, namely,strength is common “language”, intuitive, simple, and easy to understand, such a pressure group, no need the language of equally communicated, on the contrary,which sees the weak dare to”speak”as “nonsense”, “dissonant noise” or “unruly”, the weak would “dare to anger can’t say” – then, it’s impossible to produce language.
Even if some animal Kings can create many kinds of howling languages to command others, the oppressed will instinctively reject them or pretend not to understand them. At least, these languages cannot be perfected and spread due to the lack of communication and discussion. The weak are forced to report in languages, and the weak will only deliberately mix up the meanings to achieve the effect of deception,so,all of them cannot form a common language. As for different kind of animals are limited to different physiological structures and more brutal competition for life and death, there will be more no common language.
In addition, the animal emotions are mainly anger, fear,scream, even will suppress the voice instinctly when the satisfaction, excitement as found food or prey, for fear of being heard by other animals, therefore, these kinds of the emotional voice which can’t control one’s feeling do not need, should not be spread into language too.
In the same way, even if is the human society, when implementing the hegemony hierarchical rule, also barely produce or rich language,on the contrary, it has been suppressing the existing language, such as free speech is prohibited, the suppression of free performance, even cruelly cut the weak slave’s tongue, etc., at most,can only create these languages which deliberately misleading the people, confuse right and wrong,so as to match,maintain the rule of the reactionary, ridiculous. For example, in ancient China, “the three principles and the five constants”, “the king wants the minister to die, the minister has to die”, “the father wants the son to die, the son has to die”, many new words have been created in modern times, such as “unified thought”, “unified expression” and so on.
In the recorded history of China, from”burn books and bury Confucian scholars alive” by the first emperor of Qin, to”Dethrone all schools and respect Confucianism only”by the emperor Wu of the Han dynasty, to the “literary inquisition”in the Qing dynasty, to the “cultural revolution” by the Communist party of China in MAO Zedong’s era, and so on, the fate of language and culture were castrated through generations.
Thus, to produce the language of spiritual products, the following premises are needed:
(1) ,every animal must be free in spirit and free from fixed external compulsion.
(2), there is no too much self-life pressure, life can not be too simple,need rich and colorful.
(3),using only a talented, not only from the powerful, so that everyone likes to be the advanced of spirit, master, mentor,teacher or student, dare,diligent in,adept at using original language to guidance everyone or spread good language.
- , language is the need of communicating with each other, it must:
A, more than two living in groups, the more the better, the group needs a good centripetal force, cohesion, if only popular scattered living alone, can only talk to oneself, will only make the language atrophy or confusion;
B, all aspects need to be communicated,it has to that: everyone has the right to discuss all aspects, so that every time, everywhere, everything will have the participation of the people, multi-party communication, in order to better cooperation, make concerted efforts, should have more the spirit of comprehensive communication needs, such as freedom of belief. If everywhere are set limited, will only be formidable, at a respectful distance;
C, more need willing to communication between each other,then it needs everyone is equal status, if one party is commanding, order people by gesture, force command, suppress dissent, and the other are obsequious, bow and scrape,both no need rich language, even if hegemony leader demand to strict enforcement of orders and prohibitions,the oppressed used to flattery, also make the language great limitations, simplification, especially nausea smelly, cannot make the general populace to accept;
D, finally need everyone can smooth communicate, if, although everybody are equality, freedom, but lead to and let a few people abuse freedom without self-discipline occupying a public platform, has been influencing the others, not only annoying, such as have a dialogue with the deaf or as chicken and duck talk, and will scatter disintegrate social, therefore, need mechanisms to maintain everyone with good interaction, can mental calm, mutual understanding and mutual accommodation, mutual help love everyone, there is sense of responsibility.
(3), the language also need to unify consensus, should not each sticks to his argument, one man’s meat is another man’s poison, as all nationalities in the contemporary world say to oneself, seemingly culture is rich, in fact, lead to communication very difficult, it takes at least multipled time and energy to translate the language, also hard to avoid misunderstanding, and then stranger to one another, estrangement, closed to each other, stubbornness and ignorance, like degraded to the primitive animal kingdom or slave society, restrict sb.’s activities to a designated area or sphere,feudal separationist rule, brutal opposite.
Therefore, it needs mechanism to let everyone make language of conventional or the majority loving talking about, rise to all comply with the standards, no longer stick to self-opinion based on selfish or habits, refuse to a unified language, also no longer be deliberately mystifying, cause dissent and misunderstandings,rather than can together perfect, fix language, and popularizing, whether the difference of race,region, origin, can speak freely to each other,easily and suffcient dedicate his kindness, humor, fine, make everyone able to barrier-free feel loving of others and gain others’ wisdom, bring out the best in each other.
Language also need physical carrier, of course, but all animals as long as with a spirit nearly have a vocal organs, only the human by upright and the division of hand provides a good the auxiliary carrier for language expressing, when the original language hard to avoid others don’t understand,just need to make the corresponding body movements to assist, only hand is convenient.
Therefore, some scientists think upright made humans evolved the perfect pronunciation organs, this is not the key to produce human language, because almost every animal have pronunciation organs, many animals have higher speech organs than the human , such as birds are born as “singer”, but is only “chirp”, even can’t speak nonsense, can’t make rich language.
As for Engels and some scientists said, it was labor that produced language. Far relied upon, because, labor work is mainly about the activity of human to the objective object or nature, human and nonhuman objects need no, can’t rely on verbal communication too, and, even if the collective labor, if the prevailing is slavery and even employment, among workers seldom need language to discuss communication, slave owners or private employers mostly set the various aspects of labor requirements, no need employees play many subjective initiative, the employer knows, the relationship employees with them is opposite at all,they can’t let any employees equally share with their interests, As a matter of fact, employees will not give play to much subjective initiative language mainly beneficial to the employer. Even if there is relevant language, it is mostly superficial to help others, but actually self-serving. As a result, they need to pay a lot of attention to discriminate, and it is hard to avoid being misled. Therefore, employers even forbid employees to speak in the process of labor, so as to avoid affecting work efficiency and leading to disagreement. Even after work, the communication between slaves or employees is often limited, or at least not advocated, to prevent them from colluding in private against employer.
So, what systems were implemented in the ape-man era to only make language to inevitably come into being?
1. Only democratic elections and their campaigns can encourage and stimulate many people with potential language ability to win through language expression. In order to become a candidate, convince people to fully trust themself, need to rely on rich and colorful language to make speeches and campaign. Often, a good language creator will be recognized as a wise man, a mentor, and able to perform well, and be sought after by people and elected as a leader.
However, the democratic election is Only candidates individual spoke more language,and only proceed once every few years or a certain period of time, so the language production was greatly limited in space and time, only less tnan1%. Therefore, only —
2, everyone have the right to to propose a referendum always, everywhere,on everything, so that: in main body, thousands of times enlarged from a few people to all the people; In terms of time, shorten from every few years to every moment; In space, extend from a few places for campaign speeches to everywhere everyone involved; On the object, infinitely enrich from the candidates package of simple language to everything in detail! All need to speak out freely and convince others by reasoning. Only by reasoning with others, especially everyone with each other, can only quickly produce rich, rational and wonderful language!
3,anyone in order to create a whole new language, in addition to the need to have the corresponding of talent and dissolve into the outside production or life, also need to have a sense of justice, cannot too selfish, because selfish makes often oneself confined to their own small circle, unavoidably too shortsighted, cannot produce one thousand times, one hundred million times of language, and selfish means unthink, worry, fear of others knowing, sharing or hindering his private life or interests, the more inhibit communication and language. Democratic election system make candidates can make a speech only rely on the sense of justice and righteousness for everyone and its rich rational selfless language, so as to “He that gains the people gains the world”; everyone have the right to propose and participate in a referendum in a direct democracy, that makes everyone able and willing to be a master or a student of language. At the same time, to win the love and support of others, also need both excellent in voice and affection, strive for the beautiful language; In particular is –
4,after human upright life, sexual intercourse between a man and a woman can not continue to like vertebrate beast “attacks” from the back of the mother, and need face to face, have to face up to a woman’s eye contact, facial expression, in addition from the ape qualitatively changed into humans, according to the foregoing, is to rely on female ape’s key deed of the first hand, female apes and later women won the men’s admiration and respect, and the equality of all naturally also include the equality between men and women, so that between men and women want sexual intercourse,must get the woman’s agreement, so,have to have feelings,and need language to express love, these original language can have the richest inspiration and new ideas as gushing, In addition, according to the natural habits of wild animals, there was no self-restraint such as being constant in love, single-minded love and monogamy etc. Instead, it was inspired by feelings, and love had no boundaries and could speak freely,words of love were like “devotion of love”(Chinese folk “national anthem”), a steady flow of and hundreds of high lights.
This is the key which humans when born could quickly produce colorful languages ! And then handed down from generation to generation, benefiting the generation after generation!
As for, why is there no written evidence? That’s because:
(1),reasonable language rules even if without words, everyone can also understand tacitly, everyone has minds think alike, heart to heart,had been fast popularizing.
(2), everyone was free and equal, every day happy life always was no enough time, there was no urgent need to record these with words, written records are often authorities need to build a monument for their biography or replace their need to repeat the oral command.
(3), the apes of human ancestors were “very modest”,neither good at propagating themselves, nor did they try to educate others of the same kind into same human, and other apes did not understand the language of “apes-men”, no words and sounds were used to propagate and guide them. This is one of the reasons why other ancient apes did not evolve into humans together.
(4), It did n’t last long, and there is no recognized knowledge of natural science that needs to be systematically learned by other people and descendants. It seems that there is no need to form character to describe it. As a result, most languages have not yet become fixed and recognized and rised into characters which should be universally obeyed, language and so on was used by the later hegemonic class in the opposite.
. When hegemony group had divided into the so-called nations,carryed out the hierarchical hegemony rule, because it reverse heart, destroy human nature,against nature,against science, were opposed instinctively by the people – especially everyone was natured, honest then,the people were unable to understand and accept, only badly in need of corresponding text to order all the people to comply with these reactionary rules, because it is very difficult to want the people especially civilians to remember any the content of unreasonable or calling white black, whether how the authorities repeatedly have been infusing brainwashing,shouting oneself hoarse,the ruling class was badly in need of forming corresponding words to publicity, forced everyone to read and remember, to obey without objections.
As for the reason why the l language in the society of hegemonic hierarchical rule is also relatively rich and developed, it is also because the characteristics of hegemonic rule are: all land under the whole heaven,belongs to king; all the people in the whole land,are ruled by king; Hegemons have the power to manage and regulate everything, so need to produce countless related words to express. As a result, the formation of many words have been carved naked hegemonic hierarchy meaning. Such as chinese “王（sound:wang;meaning:king)”word : all land(土) is under”一（sound:yi;meaning:one)”person;such as more”天(sound:tian;meaning:sky)”word: “一(sound:yi;meaning:one)” body sky is only above “一人(sound:yi ren;mending:one person”; Even “大(sound:da;meaning:big)” is composed of “一人one person”, which means that only the supreme dictatorthe is the person with the greatest power and strength.
Visible, only the human society with equality,freedom and direct democracy can produce rich languages,the society with hierarchical hegemony rule hardly produce rational language.The languages they spread are inherited from the original democratic society;their original languages are mostly the de terioration or ugly of human sound; the society of Indirect democracy(private land ownership and relative majority election) is too difficult to produce rich rational language, because, when the people talk is not able to be valid, can’t start the referendum, even if formed a consensus, no the force of law, the national policy have always been decided by only a few of politicians and the ruling party in turn, then what the majority of the people said are equal to said nothing, is better not to say, under the freedom of speech, can degenerate into just blather, deliberately say against words, their original language words are also more alienation, even laugh,which came down from old ape-man has become the rare spirit luxuries of human posterity, or can only bitter smile,mock,sinister smile,wild laugh —-
Evidence 2: laughter and crying produced.
The essence of biology is survival, which basically depends on physiological material activities, no need spiritual factor. Plants have no any spiritual aspects, no emotions and desires. Although animals, including humans, have spirit,but they are not equipped with the function or genes for cry or laugh. Animals basically can not cry and laugh until now, some animals can shed tears, either just “crocodile tears”, or doing the lubrication of the eyes, even if some orangutans, old cattle and other may squeeze out a little tears while come across angor, but there is still a major difference from the human cry; As for laugh, it’s almost human’s “patent”.
Although the recorded human society has lasted for thousands of years,cry and laugh have come down from one generation to another,but, the human body has not evolved the genetic tissues or organs for crying and laughing. Then, what factors make human beings cry and laugh?
Since there is no causal relationship within the body, it can only be based on factors outside the body — the spirit. Of course, the spirit is also dependent on physiological related carriers, organs and facial features to play a role. The question is, animals with the same spirit, why does it make only humans laugh and cry?
The backstepping first from why animals cannot produce laugh and cry. Animals also have a variety of organs, carriers, also have the spirit, but is not able to produce laugh and cry. This is because, in the animal world,all are only purely selfish, law of the jungle between each other, even the relationship between the mother and child keep mostly within the basic tending period when the mother to the youngest son,Once the children are able to live independently, they go their separate ways, fragmented, even the female animal will eat children directlyis when also facing life and death hungry. Thus, not only there is no gratitude between animals, even between mother and son there is almost no gratitude, that is, all can not produce moving — change countenance with moving, then can not bring happy smile;
At the same time, animals face the pressure of life and death competition lifetime, are basically in a state of tension and rushing about. In addition,can not upright.It is difficult to have a broad vision and knowledge, and no rich expression of language, no the intelligence and ability able to bring happy laughter to other animals; At most, only some animals, such as birds, can dance because proud of their beautiful feathers and figure, etc., but most of them are based on special physiological needs such as estrus, which can only arouse the interest of the opposite sex, rather than laughter. Even if some animals appear strange movements, but often make other animals feel the opportunity to take advantage of, only brutal, ruthless, inexorability, danger, no humor effect.
Since all animals cannot make themselves laugh in any way,then, can the individual animal laugh alone? It is almost impossible, because any mental activity or reflection is the reaction of immediate or stored objective things in their own hearts. Since animals have never lived through anything of touching or exciting in lifetime,unable cannot control one’s feelings to laugh through memories, so they cannot even produce a laugh, even if just a smile.
In the same way, it also makes animals almost impossible to cry: although the animal kingdom is full of pain and sorrow,but, it cannot produce crying, because not only crying is sheding tears, but also give out cry of sorrow, and face shows pain. However, in the animal kingdom, not only won’t these get sympathy and help from the other animals, only make other animals feel weak, and bullying, give full play to one’s animal disposition, seize the chance to attack, or even further intensified, make oneself more damage,
Therefore, even if the animal is being killed, it is just desperately struggling, will not cry, or even won’t call for help, because except the young son instinctly give out a painful call, also able to cause the concern and rescue of its mother, if other animals cry for help, hardly get the help of their companions,instead make the bully feel the animal weak, more brutal.
Humans also belong to the animals, if old ape-man society after produced language, had been wandering in the principle of the survival of the animal kingdom: law of the jungle and selfish, is unlikely to produce cry and laugh, because,Language also has the basic needs of communication of living or production between animals, but cry and laugh are purely spiritual reaction, no reality urgency and physiological need,then it is more difficult to produce. The production of crying and laughing requires higher premise: dedication and superb wisdom! First analysis from the main types of cry and laugh : crying and excited tears, passion laughter and moved smile.
(1),Passion laughter. Since laughter does not come from physiological function or genes, so to say, it is beyond nature. Therefore, the phenomena and situations that can make living things and people laugh also need to be beyond nature in principle. No matter how beautiful nature is, no matter how ingenious it is, it can only make people gasp in admiration and wonder, not laugh. Therefore, what can make people,especially old ape-man had never laughed before laugh, must be artistic expression,that extraordinary outside the world, ingeniously establish some suspense, the result is unexpected,but reasonable, full of wit,also full of love,enlighten People to have good virtue;wanting the people able to do so performance, must have complete freedom of expression, content no restrict, of course, not all things need language, because, many situations that elicit laughter are nonverbal, this silent wins audio, and cry is not mostly due to language upset, Chaplin’s comedy are silent film, has won the world laugh.
Unfortunately, billions of people, for thousand years, there have been only a few humorist like a flash in the pan in all the world, proportion of the one per one hundred million far can’t be born of a new thing, because, any things of development, change, especially the qualitative leap, namely, the so-called “process from quantitative change to qualitative change”, is the need the material internal change factors accumulated to more than half of the amount,can just achieve a qualitative change, not only is apes evolved into human so, but also is even laugh born in human from scratch same. If there are only a few masters in the tribe and society, even if only minority make a small number of funny performances in daily life, it is very difficult to make human beings generally evolve to laughwhen born and laugh all their lives too.
what get to the habit of “making habits natural” requires the accumulation of a quantitative majority. Any habit, qualitative change and qualitative leap, in fact,all are the law of “democracy”which the minority is subordinate to the majority, even if the existing of anything is also a democracy as a dominant and decisive role: The existence of things is “qualitative determinacy”, and the nature of any things are decided by more than half of the main aspects of its internal!
On the contrary, if a thing, including society is by the majority is subordinated to the minority or even the individual,not only is it impossible to achieve a qualitative leap, but also even the existence of itself has deteriorated: most of the components have become weak or tend to die, and decay, viruses, bacteria and so on are bound to grow up; If it tries to maintain its original appearance on the surface, it must be internal corruption, putrefaction into gas expansion, and seems to show a more “full” appearance!
Therefore,may solemnly declared: democracy is also the law of the existence of nature, especially evolution! Of course, it is the premise and basic condition for the birth and healthy existence of human society!
Can reasoning, not only was old ape-man age popular democratic elections,could just to make a few candidates, such as “The eight immortals cross the sea to show their prowess”, to rack one’s brains,think hard, used language and behavior art to attract the people happy,joyous, willing to listen to their opinions,so,they became masters of enlightenment the most people laughter;but also,a referendum was more popular,can just make almost everyone, at least more than half of the people lecturing and performing with beyond natural in everywhere, for everything , or as audience, students, after all,even if nature is very beauty, but cannot make people laugh too,so, had to make their proposition to “evolve” into more wonderful than nature, so that each was lively description, everyone loved to see and hear, not only convinced everyone their politics able to bring happiness life, but also felt that these measures wouldl make all the people full of singing and laughing away—laugh, finally habitually presented in the human of faces and originated from the human of heart with this kind of most people involving in almost all times, everywhere again and again, and with the highest spiritual nutrition ingredients inherited to later generation.
On the contrary, if human beings speciallysell laugh for money, it would fall into a self-contradiction:if the audience donot pay,I will not show!but; the audience will calculate: if your performance is not enough for me to get the effect as food on the body, I am not willing to pay money which is not in sb’s blood, much less,performance is your talent in your blood, will not lose your things, even if not show, you also wasted time! So, most people choose to wait for the “free show”; The artist thinks: if I do it for free, the audience more won’t pay for it, and I won’t get money which I deserve. In this way, it is inevitable that mankind could have winned by both sides (see the author’s other monograph),turn into a loss at both sides-artists can only “bitter smile” alone,others can only mock, or “find sth. both funny and annoying”, The self-contradictory of society itself cannot straighten out, attend to one thing and lose another, be inextricably involved, more solution is messier from beginning to end, till everybody falls into dead knot! the most sorrow of later generations, contemporary of human society just is:Basic system is self- contradicts! (see the author’s other monograph)
. At the same time, in daily life, because in the era of oldape-man, don’t need, no money too, no one sold laugh specially for money, everyone who had the corresponding gift spontaneous voluntary showed one after another,play a joke,happiness with people, because there is no pressure, only attraction, make broad audience to perform on stage, humorists emerged in endlessly, ordinary comedian, such as the stars twinkling, covered every corner of the world,so that laugh became the normalcy of the human, had profound into human physiological reaction, no longer be disppeared.
(2),As for moved smiling, also because in the nature of the law of the jungle, any creature had never been touched, so, once had, or had repeatedly made oneself’s moved situation occuring, was bound to cause oneself never had a physica lreaction, this is the law of action and reaction: by moved smile, was born by so stimulation,it is different with crying in approach but equally satisfactory in result. is the unity of opposites.
(3),crying. the function of crying originally is to vent their pain, to attract the attention of others, get others’ sympathy, get others’ help,through the cry and tears, expression,so as to remove their own pain, turn tears into smile. Obviously, the premise is that the whole society has formed an atmosphere where people love each other and help each other. If human society is similar to the law of the jungle and blindly selfish in the animal kingdom, everyone will be just like animals: more pain also won’t cry,lest has the opposite effect, even in the current human world, because most countries implemented strict hierarchical hegemony rule similar to the animal kingdom, even in the west,the people have the equality of opportunity on status (location on land) inequality, have freedom of speech with losing broad free space, have “democratic elections” with sovereignty monopolized mainly by only the politicians in turn and so on, still spread similar “Moscow does not believe tears”(Russia film) “men do not easily shed tears” “women’s tears worthless” (Chinese saying), etc.; however, to make the whole society full of people love each other, help each other’s atmosphere,it must only implement the status of all people completely equal, will not despise the poor and love the rich, bully the weak and fear the strong, and will sympathize with the unfortunate; When democratic elections are implemented,just can have people to inquire after sb.’s health poverty relief to help the weak; When a perfect referendum system is further implemented, it is inevitable that a majority of people are ready to help others and deligent to devote.
Only at this time, anyone will gradually cry,while encountering misfortune, pain, especially in the language is not smooth, can not or not good at expression, crying is the most simple, direct language for help, can ” a hundred responses to a call”,strike a resonant chord, the help of others can make them quickly turn tears into smile.
(4),As for the emotional tears, also belongs to the category of touching,it is one erupts instantly the depressed tears with touched when suddenly met a savior in pain. If just touched by a general feeling, will feel joy from the bottom of one’s heart and smile instinctively. these must also have the aforementioned direct democratic environment: equal status and equity rights, which makes everyone think that I have helped others unconditionally and they will help me in the same way. Everyone has the right to bring up the referendum and run for most offices, so, most people need to win the love and support of the public with their dedication anytime and anywhere. Even if need the public just agree with a certain proposal, if the proposer’s character is not recognized by the public, it is difficult to win the support of the public’s instinctive good felling. In this way, the touching scenes which people help others, people love others, can be seen everywhere, need to help, is extremely easy to obtain, therefore, arouse gratitude smile slowly and became a normal physiological response,is also at least return to the benefactor.
From the habit of laughing and crying human spread, can also prove that direct democracy was practiced in the age of ape-man.
Evidence 3:Great increases in ape longevity
Apes’ lifetime maintains in 20 to 40 years of age so far, and again under special protection from modern humans. However, in ancient times,such as in china, even if matriarchy had been fallen behind to the patriarchal clan times with only a small part of democracy, at that time, the three most famous leaders in China, Yao, lived for about 136 year old (see encyclopedia of China Baidu ). later successor:Shun,only lived for about 103 year old,due to the democratic degree more weakened,Then later: Yu, only lived about100 year old,with the (democratic) times retreating together, Moreover, there is no record that the three of them were long at the time, so it may be just average life. But that has severalfold exceeded the lifespan of apes.
However, yu’s son inherited the throne on the basis of blood, the king and his associates practiced the class hegemonic slavery similar to animal groups. It was not only equivalent to the degradation of herbivores’ social life, but also to control the personal freedom and spiritual freedom of the slaves in all aspects by violent means, which was countless times more dangerous than any animal group. As a result, despite inheriting the rich material heritage of the previous direct democratic society, including the ancient project of Xia Yu controlling the flood, people’s life expectancy was soon deteriorated to only about 40 years old (not as long as wild apes, much less than turtles and other animals that can be hundreds or thousands of years old, it is really useless to be a high-level intelligent animal!). And has been so short-lived till now. Of course, too much of a good thing can go wrong, Kings and emperors were stuck at an average age of 40, even if they were willing to produce or find a cure for immortality at any cost, just as modern medicine is sole pursuit of longevity with the same way,It can’t work.
Despite the contemporary western indirect democracy society led by creating technology and its material, make human longevity able to difficultly, slowly increasing, but in the whole social disparity between the rich and the poor, polarization,so that both lose, filled with separation, loneliness, cold, in particular, even the safety of life anytime and anywhere by everyone is entitled to hold a gun of the threat, extreme mental repression, the effect is extremely weak, and the majority of production get half the result with twice the effort, not worth the cost, lead to nature – originally under the action of natural law of balance can be sustainable existence is gone from bad to worse, increasingly destroyed. Mother Nature, I am afraid,maybe regret the birth of man (limit to subject of this article, which is discussed in my separate book).
On the contrary, it is entirely conceivable that people lived longer before the ancient patriarchal clan. Because, even if from the physiological factor of life, the physiological satisfaction of abundant food and clothing, especially a free and dignified spiritual satisfaction, which everyone has the right to be his own master, and a social environment where people help each other and mutual love, are the only choices for long life. The spiritual factor, not only occupies more than 99% of the needs of human health and longevity (see the author’s other monograph for details), but also, touched and laughter often, are the best spiritual nutrition, laugh ten years young, laugh is the source of a long life. Matriarchal clans in direct democracy laughed at most,should live the longest! at same time,with equal status and direct democracy,not only can everyone give full play to their individual vitality,but also can gain the join forces that is equal to mathematical product, can just unity is strength, have ample food and clothing;moreover, ancient times all foods were almost natural, they could be more lived longer.
Originally, if the ancient direct democracy could have been retained to this day, the human longevity expectancy would have surely increased every day; if could sublimate to the whole democracy (politics, economy, morality, etc.all implement corresponding direct democracy), everyone can necessarily live to more than thousands of years old
(see author’s other monographs and series video for more details)
Evidence 4: Beast’s fear of humans standing upright with their hands raising and glaring.
lions, tigers and other beasts of prey are not afraid of bigger animals than them, giraffes, cattle and horses, and even elephants are their prey, even today’s apes and humans, still will be hunted and killed by them, so that people always turn pale at the mention of a tiger,as soon as most people encounter the tiger, will only flee in disorder. In fact,when facing tiger lion etc the majority carnivores, chin up and chest out, hold high both hands, glare, and give an angry roar, the beast mostly off shrink back at the sight, even though they are not always willing to let go, will also repeatedly tentatively stretch their claws, but, generally dare not rashly attack, finally will also walk away; At this time, if there are many people to join hands to hold high together, may be scared to immediately escape,just is the beasts even beasts group.
The reason why beasts have handed down such fear from generation to generation, are likely to be because, at that time,when facing beast, old ape-men spontaneously formed upright and raised hands, and threw stone or showed this look, and often many people hand in hand, heart to heart, heart and hand was linked together(such as South Korea’s Olympic theme song), made them remembered the “high-hand” unique skill (even Chinese call one with martial arts high strength as “master-hand”), so that beast are rarely attack ape so far, maybe almost all of the apes have also imitated the actions of raising high both hands, unfortunately, apes know only to imitate the surface of kung fu, not to know the inside story, however, beast is also afraid of the surface Kung fu(martial arts).
Some scientists think that apes raise their hands (forelimbs)，is in order to maintain balance, which is actually not true. The movement of maintaining balance should be that the hands are spread from side to side like wings, rather than raise above the head, and the raised hands are even more unstable. Contemporary mankind raising both hands is basically to express the derogatory sense of surrender in life and death antagonistic fight . It can be seen that only non-democratic human behavior will only forget and distort the great history of “man’s nature at birth is good”(From an ancient Chinese text[three character classic])
Evidence 5: the inheritance of direct democracy in ancient times, such as Switzerland, Britain and Greek city-state.
The reason why contemporary western countries are able to retain varying degrees of democracy, is because in the ancient Greek city-states, many areas of British, the states of Swiss had prevailed direct democracy, particularly in Britain, Switzerland almost without interruption. Moreover, after the great charter movement in the 12th century and the glorious revolution in the 16th century in England, democracy “rose” to the national level of the United Kingdom.
Then, how did ancient democracies of these three nations come into being? it is not,of course, the “bible of democracy” that God sent from heaven.and In terms of geographical research, there were no apes living in Western Europe even the whole Europe, there would not direct birth of human beings on the spot. The human beings in Europe could only have migrated from Africa which is relatively close. In accordance with the foregoing, the African ape-men were qualitative changed by apes beating lions and other animals on democracy,African ape-man is ape by democracy defeated lions and other beasts and became human. and more mature as their physiology and psychological were, more not accustomed to the local of direct sunlight and heat, after all, humans were no longer primarily tree dwellers like apes, the leaves can keep out sunshine, and can feel the cool wind on high of trees, but, people lived in the ground, would only suffer pain.
Then,they wanted to move to cooler places, mainly selected to float downstream the Nile, to the north; Because the middle and lower reaches of the Nile are mostly hot deserts, arid lands, and more unsuitability to human life, they could only drift all the way to the Mediterranean Sea, and then continued northward along the coast,where were sparse plants and food, until they were blocked by the Bosporus strait in Turkey. Since Turkey still had a hot climate and the plateau was not ideal, they crossed the strait( on why ancient people were able to cross the strait and drift the Nile, when they could not build ships,see my other monograph please) and reached Europe.
Attracted by the Greek island of romantic beach and a landscape of lakes and mountains at one blow, made the majority people who enjoyed playing and smart (typical type O blood) stop there, respectively built later known as the city-states, built the most brilliant civilization achievements of democracy in the ancient world, especially for each family of one person acted as lawmakers in turns, made up the referendum system, can yet be regarded as one of the most fair and convenient democratic form in the national government. May, however, because these pioneers of blood quality was much more enjoying playing,they can’t hold the perfection of democracy and advantages, but reveled in the late captured many foreigners as slaves,changed into the class democracy, made the basis of direct democracy—equality, was removed, the Greek democracy building, of course,had been leaned,reel right and left,difficult to stand up so far.
As the saying goes: man moves upwards as water flows downwards. Some people who didn’t like water, or didn’t like the heat of the Greek Mediterranean climate (type A blood) continued to move from east to west, and more beautiful, more can’t they stop their pace of curious, idealistic. Continued the long march, until Switzerland that paradise, land of idyllic beauty, just deeply attracted them. Moreover, even if compared with the surrounding areas of Switzerland, still felt that only this Alpine mountain is outstanding and too much beautiful things!
Therefore, most of them who were the peaceful temperament, liking to study, excelsior, stayed in this beautiful mountains, lived and worked in peace and contentment, not only made Switzerland in full bloom with the flowers of direct democracy, but also bear the fruits of the Swiss people’s fine work,wonderful artical excelling nature, a lot of craftsmanship enjoy great prestige in the world so far!
Of course, those(blood type A partial O) who did not much like the mountains, or who were not content with their conservative way of life,went down the mountain and westward to the English channel, in order to advance into the vast, better world, to run free. Due to channel perennial fog made them feel the strait to appear not too wide, should be the same wide with the Bosporus in Turkey, so, the warriors of their jumped on the sea, braved the wind and the waves, went forward, life and death of mutual assistance, and said humorous joke to make companion relax. Although sacrificed many people on the way, but in the end,all who arrived in the British Isles were proven particularly outstanding person: strong, brave, calm, optimistic, full of enterprising spirit, and keep the tradition of direct democracy.
This inherited gene is also the main reason,which the British people have been able to use the few to defeat the many in past dynasties,invincibly beat the world,created a piece of the empire on which the sun never sets. However, after all, these warriors were more aggressive than those living in the mountains of Switzerland. They were easy to become Kings, and alienated into hierarchical kingdoms at the state level, until “Great Charter of Liberties” movement in12th century,the “glorious revolution” in the 16th century, the democracy rose to the national government system of the United Kingdom.the king is just nominal.
Evidence 6, the proof of the matriarchal clan of primitive society in ancient China and Yao, Shun and Yu’s democratic times.
From the geographical distribution, apes live mainly in central Africa, southeast Asia, including southern China and South America on the earth, but, on the current archaeological,the old ape-men were born only in central Africa, southern China,etc , South America doesn’t seem to have evolved into ape-man, it also verify, that the ape evolving into human is mainly by chance, because,this “inevitability”is unsuited to natural balance law, nature will not choose to commit suicide— because, human will destroy nature itself, if no direct democracy system constraint .
There was matriarchal society at first in Chinese ancient, and then,became into the patriarchal clan society, history textbooks think it’s evolution, in fact it is degraded, it is the beginning that human direct democracy was castrated step by step, is the beginning of the atavism which the king of animals implement dictatorship hegemony rule, Yao Shun Yu era was the Chinese ancient patriarchal clan system, had been in vogue polygamy, gender inequality started,the big tribal family also began to be dispersed to many blood small families, although still retained democratic elections, but often limited to the community leaders by meeting for choice heir, only would still elect talent.
Chinese textbooks call this “abdication system”, but it is not a personal decision of the leader,is the result of a collective vote. Obviously, the remaining democratic election system could only come from the matriarchal era of direct democratic inheritance. Because, patriarchal clan can’t bear a democracy, it is whole dictatorship:tribe by chief autocracy, each family by the father autocracy, the beginning of the male oppressing women in society, and quickly turned into familial class supremacy by logic, after Yu’s death, his son succeeded to the throne, set up the first slavery dynasty in China – the Xia dynasty, from then, the rule of patriarchal clan pedigree inheritance with tyranny, turned into the traditional class hegemony dynasty and its slave society or a disguised form slave society (all the people’s human rights are proscribed) and spread so far in many countries or places of the world (see my other books),and have suppressed, tampered with numerous scientific,penetrating judgment and insights, including this article.
(As for why such a nice ancient direct democratic society was still subverted, see the profound anatomy of the author’s other monograph please.)
(Attached Chinese version.本文曾向英国【自然】杂志投稿 )
人类究竟是如何诞生的？远古类人猿（实际上就是猿猴）何以能脱颖而出、变成可以主宰大自然一切包括猿猴自己的人？而具有同样生理功能的其它灵长类或其它猿猴等为何仍然没能进化成人？而且，丰富复杂的语言在没有文化（文字记载）的远古人类社会又是如何得以形成的？另外，为何唯有人类会欢笑与痛哭等等？
这是一个基于自然规律又超越规律，环环相扣，互相印证，本来还能够一顺百顺的辨证逻辑。然而，千百年来关于人类诞生及其人类语言与哭笑产生的各种学说都未能提出内在的科学逻辑性，即使最著名的达尔文的进化论，也只是揭示了猿猴进化成人的客观过程，远远没有揭示其根本的内在的决定性原因。
进化论无疑具有一定的科学性，但如果是完全科学，就应该适应大自然所有生物进化的规律，而非只能适用于少数甚至个别生物，否则，就非科学了。
依据其进化论：既然大自然万事万物都在进化，而且，大自然一切都是平等的，至少机遇均等，又是普遍联系，并互动互剂，相辅相成的；虽然动物界里是弱肉强食，但各有绝招，又没有特权，从而能彼此制约，保持生态平衡之自然平衡的一大部分。那么，从横向范围看，就决不可能只有猿猴一枝独秀，能单独进化成能够主宰万物的高级动物——人，而其它万千动物生物只能始终低级进化，原始徘徊；从种类看，还不可能在全球众多猿猴中又只有某些猿猴在进化，其它猿猴也只是甘当观众；从纵向时间看，更不可能只有远古的猿猴能进化成人，后代的猿猴却不能进化了，尽管还受到后代人类的精心护理，那意味着后代反而在退化？即，依据达尔文的进化论，却推理出否定进化的自相矛盾。这也与“物竞天择适者生存”之进化原则相悖，更不符合自然平衡规律之万物平等定律与连动定律（详见笔者另外的专论）。
正因为有此根本性缺陷，有的科学家便主观臆造出先有“类人猿”，却没能论证它是如何诞生、如何消亡的，这如同说人就是天生的？显然是违背自然与人类历史的神话。事实上，大自然从无存在过类人猿，只有普通猿猴，只不过其中的黑猩猩比较接近或称类似人类而已。
至于权威理论的工具学说：因类人猿会使用工具才得以进化成人。问题是，不仅所有灵长类动物如猿猴、熊等都本能会利用天然的简单工具，即使是无四肢分工的动物如海豚、飞鸟等也能用嘴做手的事情，利用工具等，但都远远不能凭此就进化成人。因为，我们首先应当深知同为动物的人与低级动物的根本区别或质的飞跃在哪里？
显然，就在于人有智慧，能够判断视野以外的情况，预见将来发生的事情；还有手脚分工，双手不仅能够依五官意识的指挥来做相应的活动，还能依智慧的要求创造发明。而动物利用环境、使用原始工具，只是基于五官意识的指挥，而意识的判断只能局限于直接对等反应，即，看到什么就是什么，听到什么就是什么，虽然还有一定的超出感官的判断，那也只是基于多次经验或教训或母亲多次训导下的自我强制，类似于原有环境的变异，即，还是被动的习惯改变，而非人靠逻辑推理的主动调整。
而且，智慧与双手的形成也是相辅相成，相得益彰，互为因果的。首先，任何动物都不会天生就有手脚分工，这既是自然平衡规律及其万物平等定律所决定的，不可能有哪个物种天生就具有双手，从而能够创造工具打败万物，相反，正因为万物平等，而且，彼此互动，才需要相互的功能对应，即，任何一种物种诞生时，需要的是具备应付相应环境的主要可能性，化解危机，才能生存，作为动物，基本的就是要具备充分的能动性。作为食草动物的能动性，就是能够随着季节变换或环境改变，而能足够移动，食取新鲜植物，由于植物都不能动，故，无需双手，只需凭嘴就可以直接食取，相反，如果有双手的功能，可能还会先摘下植物，储存后慢慢吃，那样反而使食物不够鲜活，缺乏生命力，或把植物连根拔起来吃，使食物并非大都是植物中顶级的干细胞最丰富的部位，不利于动物身体的最佳强健与长寿，而得不偿失。
由于食草动物天生就不吃肉，当然，就不会吃其它动物，虽然，会本能的反抗攻击，但无奈脚始终不可能具有手的灵活反击力度，就不可能对食肉动物足够的反抗力，以致食肉动物也就只需要主要凭嘴就能猎杀捕食，也无需非得进化出双手，何况，一旦四肢或脚中部位进化成手，就必然减少了脚的力度，减弱了范围上的运动速度上的能动性，反而更难追击食草动物，而得不偿失了。故，即使是猿猴等灵长类动物，也始终没有进化出双手来。缺乏必要性。
再从可能性上分析，当减少二只脚的奔跑功能，来换取双手，就得充分发挥双手的作用，使之足够弥补并超越曾经为脚的作用。由于任何动物主要靠前肢的活动并不足以有效反击猛兽的攻击，而若是指望不断训练双手，以便如学武术功夫一样提高反击的能力，也需要时间，然而，再弱肉强食的野兽世界里，危机四伏，猛兽不会给它们足够的锻炼时间，何况，它们也缺乏锻炼提高的智慧。相反，着重锻炼使脚变成手时，就减弱了前肢奔跑的功能，反倒更易被猛兽捕杀。故，动物进化出双手，也缺乏可能性。
至于其它杂食动物或昆虫，因不可能都只是在动的速度上竞争，就需要依据不同的环境演化出相应的相对更佳的绝活，如蚯蚓，在地面斗不过万物，就惹不起躲得起，钻地过世外桃源，而土地也需要有经常体内松动，才能透气，保持营养与活性，从而使依赖土壤的植物生长更好，为食草动物提供充足的食物，形成生态的良性循环，然而，蚯蚓整天处于被土壤包裹下，随时会被土壤夹死或夹断，故，就必须先具备可以一分为二，二分为四的分身术，才能以弱胜强；又如毒蛇，一方面因大自然无孔不入的诞生了老鼠，由于缺乏天敌时极易大量繁殖，于是诞生了同样能钻地打洞，主要追寻老鼠的毒蛇，由于基本以食肉为主，需要足够的内脏消化系统，毒蛇不可能有蚯蚓的分身术，加之蛇因长期在洞内生存，洞内多为恒温，蛇就无需具备自我调节体温，只需要依赖环境温度就讷讷感保持自身的足够体温而维持血液循环，但因捕捉老鼠并非易事，蛇还需要杂食才能维持生存，也就需要出洞寻找食物，但因无脚，就不可能快速运动而躲避地面其它动物的攻击，就需要具备毒招，来以柔克刚。即，自然进化时是无孔不入，应运而生的，而且，始终是以最简约的方式择优录取功能的，当又集中选项时，也只是选择使用最多、又最能轻装上阵的部位，以致都没有产生手、变成手的充足条件。
同时，即使肢体的前肢天生具有一定程度的双手功能，如果没有相应的智慧，双手的功能也不能发挥，无法进化成专门用于充分利用环境工具，特别是创造发明的肢体，如猿猴、熊等，猿猴的前肢作为手的功能主要就是表现为在树枝上荡秋千，以便逃脱某些也善于爬树的猫科动物的追击；而熊秀前肢，其实更多的只是因要直立行走而已，之所以要直立行走，无非是因熊天生的笨重躯体不够灵活，难以捕食，就需要靠直立来高瞻远瞩，提早发现猎物或天敌，以长制短。
这万事万物之间的普遍联系，环环相扣，已形成循环系统，无论大自然如何推陈出新，物竞天择，都始终要保持平衡，就只能在这一平衡规律及其万物平等、连动、阴阳互补等定律中生死相依，除非地球这一相对独立的大自然遭到外界天体的冲击，产生重大的环境改变，使相应的生物或非生物被动变化，即使如此，也很快就形成新的自然平衡，依然不会演化出那种动物具有双手。
何况，要使双手创造性活动，就更需要智慧的指挥了。不然，即使有了标准的双手，如弱智者或小孩的手，也发挥不了什么作用。然而，人的超级智慧更不可能自然诞生。因为，自然平衡规律下万物生存不需要，除非是必然甚至经常出现超越地球大自然力量的冲击，而人的智慧能够让地球避免或化解；在万物本能求生下，也不允许诞生超级智慧，否则，本能的求生就会恶变成超出本能的超额求生，求得自己个体的所谓幸福生活、长生、甚至永生，而牺牲他物万物的生存，至少是正常生存、和谐生存。
可见，地球这大自然诞生人这种具有智慧与双手功能的高级或称超级动物，只能基于超自然的力量或契机，而且，也理当同时具备制衡的力量或方法，否则，人的超级力量势必危及万事万物，直至毁灭大自然，同归于尽，尽管依各个个体力量的大小而有破坏、危害的不同程度与速度，但整体趋势则必然是下坡路、负能量，尽管他们会绞尽脑汁的粉饰太平，强词夺理或伪善成所谓文明、科学、甚至人性。
其实，任何生物的最初诞生并非是基于自然进化，而是应运而生，即具备了相应的客观条件，现有的循环系统中存在空隙或缺陷，需要或可以诞生新生事物来有机相连。而这新生事物诞生时就已经具备了足以在这种环境中平等、自由生存的能力，无需再进化。如果诞生后还需要进化才能生存的话，根本就没有进化的机会，因为，万物都是基于绝对的自私而生活，利用或吞食周边物质满足自己的生理需要，是万物的本能，只要一种物种没有足够的防范、反击能力，就势必或难免被消灭。故，物种诞生问世时都是已经具备了基本的生存功能的。只是在不断长大的过程中，慢慢强化自己的身体而已。故，在同一环境里，也只有强化，而非质的进化。只有当原有环境出现大的不可逆转的改变时，或该动物移动到全新的环境里生活时，才需要变化自己的生理功能，以适应新环境。即使如此，也只能称为变化，而非进化。因为，进化，顾名思义，是指本质的进一步变化，质的飞跃。
但在自然平衡规律作用下，万物基于平等定律，都同等自我长大、强化，自由移居新环境而变化，同等竞争，包括生死竞争；基于连动定律，一物自我强化或变化时，相关的其它生物动物也必然跟随强化、变化，才能保持自己的生存，从而始终维持大自然的平衡。否则，大自然一旦失去了大的或根本上的平衡，必然天翻地覆，不复存在了。大自然现在还存在，那就意味着大自然的主体或根本上还处于平衡中，就意味着自然平衡规律及其各辅助定律还没有被完全违背，但大自然环境已每况愈下，越来越不适合生物生存，就意味着自然平衡规律及其定律被反自然的破坏。而能够实施破坏者只能超级动物——人！而且，必然只是个体或极少数！因为，当全民或大多数人平等发挥时不会破坏共同的家园大自然，更不会自相残杀。而个人或极少数人要能够破坏共同家园、侵害大多数人，必然借助超级武器及其制度。武器使众人如低级动物般害怕，制度使众人反向运用智慧而服从。如此，众人不仅只如低级动物，还必然人不如兽——人特有的智慧主要成为负能量。动物无法具有主动服从反自然规律的奴性，无论使何种宠物，而人的智慧则会主动违背植物神经的本能反应而强颜欢笑，尽管经常违背神经的本能反应就是慢性自尽。
可见，人这种超自然生灵要诞生，必然同时酝酿智慧与双手，缺一不可，智慧才能充分发挥双手的功能，打败猛兽，双手的力量才能保护大脑智慧的发挥，并通过双手的实践来丰富智慧的内容。然而，人并非天生的，也非来自外星球，确实是源自猿猴的进化（这可能是进化论主要的正确实证）。那么，猿猴如何才能酝酿出超级的智慧与双手呢？
大脑的智慧不可能凭空产生，虽然，猿猴的脑髓提供了较充分的物质载体，但脑髓占差不多比例的动物很多，都不足以仅凭脑髓比例就能产生智慧。脑髓运转首先得靠意识的客观反应，人作为动物的意识，有下意识，即植物神经反应，是本能的，没有通过大脑神经指挥的，故，无需智慧；只有上意识才反应到大脑运作，上意识就是通过五官对外界的反应，耳闻目睹、鼻嗅舌尝，主要就是目睹，其次是耳闻。
这首先就需要尽量眼观四方，耳听八面，甚至高瞻远瞩，飞鸟虽然看的最远，但太远而不够清晰，较高而更难听清，不如猿猴贴近大自然；而且，相当程度的危机感还能迫使大脑具有紧迫感和针对性，这二点飞鸟也不如猿猴。然而，猿猴只靠躲在树上，虽然较高，但难免一叶障目，不见泰山，也远不足满足食物的需要。而在地面活动，就要时刻提防猛兽的攻击，它们需要直立行走来观察周围动静，但又需要四肢在地，时刻准备逃跑，保持起跑的姿势。故，这一自相矛盾不能使猿猴自然进化出智慧与双手。即，要有智慧，就得高瞻远瞩，就得直立行走与生活，就得主要摆脱时刻要逃跑的生死危险，又得靠自身进化出新的力量——猿猴最方便的就是前肢变成手，本来，这一点猿猴是近水楼台先得月，但发挥手的功能，从而足以打败一切猛兽，又得靠智慧的指挥，因为，手自己是不能动的。即，智慧靠手，手又靠智慧，以致自相矛盾，无法自然进化。因为，猿猴靠自然状态的身体始终不足以阻挡猛兽的攻击，也争不过牛马等群体食草动物，还无法靠自力更生来丰衣足食，就仍然时时处于生存危机、生死恐惧中，就不可能使其多数时候轻松、无忧，从而使大脑意识超越危机四伏的短视，而渐进长远观念，达到量变到质变的智商升华；而且，不能改变四肢或身体要停留在能够以逃跑或觅食作为基本功能的载体，从而无法使前肢进化成双手，就不可能升华成超越一切动物的人。
至于能创造性使用足以打败猛兽、动物群或用于生产的工具，那是成为人的结果而非原因。
可见，工具只是外因——变化的条件，作为从动物到人的变化根据只能来自体内生理与智商的质的改变。但这种质的飞跃并非基于自然进化的必然，那既不符合前述的自然平衡规律及其万物平等定律、连动定律，也不符合历史与现实：绝大多数猿猴、或不同地方、或后来的猿猴都至今不能进化成人；也不符合自然平衡规律的基础：无需靠人类的智慧能力，大自然都能自我永续存在，缓慢且平衡发展或称进化；而且，完全可以推想，在无边无际、无始无终的宇宙里存在无数有生物的星球，但至少大多数星球并没有人的诞生。故，我们这个地球上诞生人类更多是偶然，只不过是偶然激活了猿猴作为动物本身的潜能，正因为主要是偶然，才符合实证：只有——
一、一小部分普通猿猴究竟是如何改变过来而成为人的呢？
在人类社会诞生前，大自然的生物除了植物，主要就是两大类动物：食肉动物与食草动物。食肉动物俗称猛兽，横行大地，随时随地威胁其它动物的生命；食草动物因繁殖力强，大多则成群结队、浩浩荡荡抢占植物领地；猿猴等的灵长类动物则为杂食动物，我们现代所称的“类人猿”实质上只是普通猿（猩猩）。“类人猿”既无食肉动物的凶猛，又无食草动物的繁殖力与耐力，既时刻受到猛兽的生死威胁，又因繁殖力与体能的局限，无力与成群的牛马等争天然植物，那何以能在弱肉强食的险恶环境中脱颖而出，从弱者跃进成能抗衡猛兽、主宰动物的大自然主人呢？
在自然界，自私是一切生物的本性，是每个生物最有效发展自己的必需，自私必然使动物不择手段求生。食肉动物因其要吃掉的对象也包括自己的同类，故，一山不容二虎，若凑在一起常常自相残杀，其天性就多好独居，或只与自己的子女暂时在一起，一般虎毒不食子；少数食肉动物也有群居的，如狮子、狼，那是因猎食数倍于己的群居食草动物时，需要“人多力量大”，但，群居的数量也不会如食草动物一样无限增加，以够力为限，以免一旦食物短缺，就会窝里斗，甚至干脆吃掉同伙。如此，食肉动物不仅无集体之力，只有群居之祸。
食草动物因其食用对象主要是植物，并不互相厮杀，而且，植物的特点以众多、成片显现，特别是因面对猛兽随时随地的攻击，需要以数量众多来起阻吓作用，故，其天性也主要以群体方式生存。
猿猴等杂食动物则介于两者之间，因其食草，故，也会群居；又因食肉，一旦食物短缺时，难免也互相猎杀，故，群居的数量有限，或彼此关系不紧，时分时合，主要以公猿猴霸占几只母猿猴及其后代来小群居。
在竞争本性的争斗下，群居动物必然产生各层次的强弱之分，直至群体之王，动物王及其它强者分主次领导群体。显然，动物之王主导的那种群体是以暴力强制为基本手段，并由自己独裁及少数同伙，有时包括血缘子女来分级霸占的等级惯例维持，众动物只能被迫或无奈或无知的跟从。动物王任意霸占其它动物的食物及其母兽雌性动物，众动物也只能向兽王无偿奉献，唯马首是从，以致普通动物之间没有什么互动，更无互爱，而动物与王也是根本对立，敢怒而不敢言，也不会言，因而，这类群体生活徒有集体形式而无集体合力。
一旦遇到猛兽攻击，动物王只会自己凭借最强的体力优势，逃跑在前，让其它动物作挡箭牌。其它动物就有样学样，争先恐后的逃跑，你挤我推，都只想别的动物落入猛兽之口，从而保全自己，全然不顾、不懂得下一个被吃掉的可能就是自己，以致让少数甚至单个猛兽各个击破，千马不敌一狮，百猴害怕一虎，总处于被猛兽任意宰杀吃掉的生死轮回中，数量越多，只不过是为猛兽提供更丰富的美食而已。
小群居的猿猴内部也是公猿猴统治全体家庭式成员，一夫多妻下的众多母猿猴互相之间缺乏感情，只不过毕竟如同一个有共同父亲的家族，彼此之间还是比食草动物群体多些关系的认同与互动。但一旦遇到猛兽攻击时，公猿猴也如同食草动物王一样率先逃跑，以致母猿猴或子女被猛兽猎杀。
事实上，只需几头牛的力量或者几匹马的腿踢功夫或者几只猴的猴拳绝招——还根本不需要美猴王孙悟空的金棍棒或七十二变，就足可打败猛兽。当然，这类不开窍或称不争气，才使大自然保持着平衡。
在非洲中部、亚洲东南部的热带丛林里，当偶尔几只狮子、老虎又要攻击猩猩等猿猴时，因公猿猴带头逃跑，而个别母猿猴刚刚生育了幼小子女，还会正在哺乳，自然逃跑不及，被猛兽抓咬，母猿猴本能挣脱，幼子女却掉落在地，也被猛兽撕咬。面对子女的惨叫，母猿猴因该子女从自己身体内生出不久，又天天哺乳，仍然有它们就是自己身上掉下的肉的痛感，植物神经刺激其本能的拼命保护子女，条件反射的抗击猛兽，并无意中打出前肢灵活的猴拳，使猛兽难以得逞，双方陷于对峙状态；其它被吃了子女的母猿猴见猛兽被遏制，也停止逃跑，并基于仇恨，也同仇敌忾，纷纷帮助反击猛兽，或发出怒吼，有时还使跑开了的公猿猴也受其激励，返回相助，展现最凶狠的面目，打出最有力的“猴拳”—这从未有过的阵势使天性恃强凌弱、欺软怕硬的猛兽被吓住了，只能落荒而逃。
这场景几经轮回，使这些敢为天下先的猿猴们每次一旦遇到猛兽攻击，就自发的团聚在一切，互助抗击，总能打跑单独的猛兽；而且，这类场景常常也被附近其它猿猴家庭耳闻目睹，有样学样，以致当猛兽成群来攻击时，附近的猿猴家庭也会自觉或被迫团结在一起，形成更大的群体力量，并充分发挥直立而使前肢作为手的优势，尽管贴身搏斗时，手力击打猛兽有时还不足以打怕猛兽，它们就在猛兽冲过来之前，寻找石头、木棍等来投掷，吓阻猛兽；当有时一时找不到石头木棍，它们情急之下，就高举双手，并接连发出怒吼；若是赤手空拳时，它们紧张之下，还彼此手拉手，形成一排或一圈高举的众多拳头，把幼小子女围在里面，使猛兽害怕它们会砸来密集的石头而跑开。
久而久之，就使猛兽对它们从不敢轻举妄动，到敬而远之，直到反倒害怕它们，见到猿猴就抢先逃跑了，弄得有的不解风情的猿猴目瞪口呆，以为看花了眼睛，或边逃跑边犯迷糊，以致又与猛兽窄路相逢，岂料还是猛兽反应快，捷足先逃，弄得该猿猴只好呆若木鸡，挺胸挠头——俨然自己才是百兽之王。
为了对付那些还不醒目的猛兽群攻击，猿猴们还把其它有同感的猿猴团结为扩大的家庭成员，确保“人多力量大”。从此，它们遇到猛兽，就自觉的排在一起，直立挺胸，高举前肢，就足以吓跑猛兽，有时它们还会乘胜追击，打死猛兽，成为自己的食物。日久天长，它们慢慢习惯像人一样的站立起来了——成为直立行走的有手脚分工的能昂首挺胸、高瞻远瞩的高级动物——人！
然而，公猿猴之间基于对母猿猴性霸占的生理习性还是难以改变，使联盟内部难免出现不和谐的激烈竞争，并导致联盟内部分裂。母猿猴也忍无可忍，要知道，母猿猴是第一个敢于反抗猛兽的真正英雄，连猛兽都不怕了，岂能还害怕公猿猴？！已今非昔比的母猿猴就一改对公猿猴的顺从，开始在内部反抗公猿猴一如既往对自己的“强奸”，而要求性交必须自己心甘情愿！
如此，就间接减少了公猿猴之间为了争夺母猿猴而爆发厮杀；当有的公猿猴就把彼此之间的明争，变成暗斗时，有的母猿猴进而还直接制止公猿猴之间的内斗内耗，表明自己只喜欢谁或要求它们遵守秩序，如同主持正义，加之众多小家庭组合的大家庭里，母猿猴不再属于某个公猿猴，众子女就只认其母，不知其父，在感情上本能帮助母亲，特别是实在对“父亲们”这类恶习不耐烦，而声援母猿猴，就使公猿猴不得不服从母猿猴，从公猿猴对母猿猴性交必须合意，进而发展到互相之间的任何协作、相处都要双方乃至大家同意。久而久之，就树立起了母猿猴的权威，这类类人猿大家庭就转变成母系氏族的形态：以平等取代武力等级，以合意取代自私强暴。
从此，就开始了全新的社会关系：个个平等，互相尊重，大家越平等，越乐于交流互助，就产生并丰富了语言，而这类热带丛林的猿猴血质大都是O型，天性就心直口快，就能随时随地表示不同的意见，要求母亲们听从；由于大家发表意见时常常各执己见，莫衷一是，就只有依哪边的声音大来定；有时难分高低，当大家琢磨出计数时，就进化成以少数服从多数规则来对事务全体公决，刚好，猿猴们在反击猛兽时习惯了绝招之一：个个高举双手，对此，也如法炮制，赞成者就高举双手，再计手数量，超过全体的半数者有效，这种平等加合意的表决就演进出直接民主的主体——全体公决制。
当然，事实上不可能事事诉诸于全体表决，一般性事务还是由母亲决定，只是部落里一般都会有几个母亲，如果由单个母亲决定，显然不合这原始民主，即使是全体母亲参照少数服从多数的民主方式商定，也既不完全符合民主——全民做主的正义，又在处理日常繁多事务时不够效率，
特别是随着部落成员增多，需求与日俱增，而生产工具与劳动技能还处于原始缓慢发展初期，很难靠已有的地盘来生产更多的食物，满足大家的需求，因而，向外扩大生活生产空间就是主要问题，就需要最有力量的公猿猴担任，特别是外界猛兽环伺，自然神秘，需要冒险，更需要智勇双全者为主。而对外活动时往往只是少数人，不如在大家庭内部常常是全体或多数成员聚集在一起，方便集体表决，加之随时随地会遇到各种突发性危险，就需要有头领统一指挥，果断独裁。
但是，任何小家的母亲已不能凭血缘就当上大家的家长，因为已经是许多家庭组合，而且，母猿的力量与勇气一般不及公猿，老猿猴也常常不及少猿猴，故，唯有不受传统家长优先的局限，在全体成员中不拘一格降人才；多数弱小的猿猴还是不喜欢欺负自己、耍特权的强者，母猿猴们既有同感，又要优先爱护众多的弱小子女。
于是，大家庭选择领头者就不是只看力量强弱，而是必须得到最多成员的喜欢——从最初的多数猿猴争相拥戴，共同抬起最得民心的候选者，到计数每个成员同意时高举的双手，也依少数服从多数来民主选举。
很可能，最初的选举头领只限于负责部落对外的队伍方面，在大家庭内部还是由母亲们行使管理领导权，这既是刚刚建立母系氏族部落的惯性，也是众子女血缘上更亲近、拥护母亲的本能，更在于母爱天性更无私、博爱、奉献；而且，一旦对外的头领因身体健康、或经验、智商有限而难免犯错，或因以权谋私等等而失去多数的信任，母猿猴就会带领大家以同样的表决制罢免头领，另选合适领头者，排除野兽内部争权夺利的新一轮拼杀竞争，维持了大家庭的平等、公正、有序与团结。事实上，对外活动因往往是部落主要的生活来源，最有“油水”，头领较易腐败，好在多数子女们还是“弯刀兜直把柄，小孩说实话”，当场抗议或事后向母亲举报，才得以经常遏制。
古猿人当然不会用现代的所谓宪政及其复杂的分权、制约、自治等，它们只会按照最朴实的好恶判断、取舍，首先是母猿猴为首在忍无可忍、避无可避下绝地反击猛兽强权，进而母猿猴在众多子女声援下，再乘胜对内反抗公猿霸权，开始质的飞跃——排除了内外霸权强暴，实行个个权力平等，全体共同行使部落主权；即使因对外扩大及对内部管理的需要，而选举头领，也本能保持对头领极大的警惕性，生怕再造出原来的霸道兽王，就势必坚守全体公决制，来约定与头领之间简洁明了的“基本法”——委托代理关系：头领只是全体成员的代理者，只能行使全体成员授予的权力，全体成员始终掌握一切主权：任何成员有权提起全民公决，凡是全体公决通过的决定，头领必须执行，否则，可以随时撤换头领。当然，在授权范围内，每个成员也必须服从头领的领导，除非是经全体公决改变或否决。这才是真正的合情合理的主权在民，也才是人类社会宪政的基本规范（详见笔者另外的专论）。
但它们的智商及经验只能顾及到面前的危机，而不懂得还应该通过分权、制约等来保证头领服从民主，不滥用权力。
不过，这种直接民主的盛行已合符逻辑的使大家平等博爱，自由愉快，关系和谐，互让互助，坦诚相待，畅所欲言，无需压抑，并良性竞争，首领深孚众望，身先士卒，勇挑重担，保护群猿，大家亲如兄弟，胜似血缘，一方有难，八方支援。如此而来，就根本区别于一切动物包括其它没参与进来的猿猴，尽管它们的数量不多，但因充分自由发挥各自的体能与智慧，焕发出惊人的能量，并群策群力，组成 1+1远远>2 的强有力集体——对食肉猛兽，它们就以多数的人力对抗少数的猛兽，同仇敌忾，众志成城，便能以弱胜强，直到打得猛兽害怕它们，视猿猴为王——美猴王，中国古代名著“西游记”中专门挑选猴子为齐天大圣孙悟空，打败天地万兽，或许也是深谙此道或有此传说；对食草群兽，它们就分割包围，分化合击，以团结的少数斗不团结的多数动物，更能以少胜多，直到抓获并驯化食草动物成为随时可享用的美食或劳动工具，以助另外开荒种植，保障食住无忧。它们也从日夜恐惧野兽、担心饥饿，随时随地要逃荒逃命的危机四伏中解脱出来，就能：
- 不再害怕任何猛兽，就不需要低头弯腰，以便四肢快速逃跑，前肢就慢慢完全解脱出来，作为手来使用，有了手，就能借助所有的天然工具，进而生产许多工具，生产生活大大丰富提高；而且，前肢成为手，后肢必然就要慢慢直立，以支撑整个身体，从而使自己慢慢能够直立行走。
- 虽然起初直立行走时容易摔倒或站立不稳，但在平等互助的群体生活中，大家友好的手拉手，相互搀扶，就能共同站起来，这也说明，进化，即使是在具体方面也往往是共同发生完善的。
3、直立行走又使自己能够昂首挺胸，消除了低头时的鼠目寸光，抬头才便于眼观四面八方，寻觅更多更远的食物，高瞻远瞩，视野更宽广，心胸更开阔，增加知识，积累智慧。
4、化解了生存危机，有了丰富多彩的食物供选择，就轻松愉悦；心情一舒畅，思想就活跃，灵感就涌现，意识就提高，智慧必发达，使他们主要精力心思放在如何更好的生活方面，不断创造性使用多种工具，改善环境，改造大自然，获得更多更好的食物、用品等。特别双手的灵巧使彼此能够方便及时的互助，就会时时感恩，一改动物几乎不会笑的宿命，常常喜笑颜开，大脑彻底放松、激活，不断产生新的语言，大大促进互动交流，集思广益，形成良性循环。
5、关键是在平等团结的群居生活里，使大家不仅愿意，而且，容易交流互动，如此，每个人的智慧与能力就常常等于众多人的相加，相辅相成，相得益彰，生理习惯、精神意识不断优化，不仅（象人一样）从此站起来了，而且，终于活出“人样”了——进化成了傲然挺立于大自然、不惧怕任何生物的、真正平等、充分自由、团结互助的高等动物——人！这种部落集体也就成为人类社会
可见，这类猿猴采取的就是全民作主方式，在形式上，人的诞生是以群居社会方式出现的，在实质上，是以人与人相互关系（后来称为政治）的平等与自由，直接创制复决集体事务、直接选举罢免领导人的全民作主的运作习惯为根本，即，民主制是人类社会诞生的前提，是人从动物中进化出来并与动物相区别的关键。民主制自然就是、就应该是、就只能是直接民主制，而非专门由官员等代理人去包办决议的间接民主制，即，真正民主制其实很简单——就是全民委托代理制。
由此可见，自由平等只是动物的天赋权利，平等基础上的团结、互助、分享、协作才是低级动物能够进化成高级动物的关键。食草动物群只有表面的团结，其实充斥的是动物王主宰群体的等级霸权制；食肉动物则是只有个体自由、独自平等，充斥的是弱肉强食，我行我素，以致都陷入大自然平衡规律中的低级循环，不可能有质的进化。
如果当代人类仍然遗传并恶性发挥这两类制度，在人类力量能够毁灭一切物质的情况下，注定了人类社会连带大自然一并退化、弱化、异化、恶化，直至同归于尽。
证据如下：1、语言的丰富发达。
动物界几乎不能产生语言，动物彼此互动的声音只能局限于某些特殊方面，不可能进化成人类丰富的语言：满足交流的需要，并能够表达情感，彰显智慧。动物之间存在简单的语言也是基于大家共同的迫切需要：危险警戒和威吓对方、召唤幼子摄食、寻找幼子等联络、发情时召唤异性等，这几大类语言的特点：受到强烈刺激，本能生理反应，不发声音不足以有相应效果，或有感而发，都只需极简单的音符、音节、音调。极简单的标准为：每只动物对前述现象的应急呼吸，通过自己的发声器官就大致能发出，其它同类动物也有同感，也就能听懂。
动物之所以几乎无法形成其它语言，因为，即使是同类动物，相互之间也是以弱肉强食为主，同时，任何动物生存唯一准则就是自私，只顾自己，除了母兽在幼子抚育期内的照顾，那也是因为幼子就是自己身体上脱落的一块还不会完全分离的肉，照顾它们，就如同照顾自己，一旦当母兽面临生死饥饿时，吃掉幼子就等于回收自己的肉体，顺理成章，没有什么道德负罪感；
因此，就没有多少问题需要彼此交流，甚至恰恰相反，不想其它动物得知或共享自己的信息；关键是群体内部无例外都流行等级霸占制，都是凭个体体力实力说话，即，实力就是通用的“语言”——直观、简单、易懂，如此压力下的群体，就无需什么平等交流的语言，反而视弱者敢于发声为“废话”、“不和谐的杂音”或“刁民”，弱者们也就“敢怒不敢言”了——不可能产生语言。
即使有的兽王能创造多种嚎叫语言来号令大家，但被压迫者会本能排斥，或假装听不懂，至少缺乏交流、讨论而无法完善与流传，而强制弱者以语言来报告，弱者也只会故意混淆语意，达到欺骗的效果，都无法形成共同的语言。至于不同类的动物之间还限于生理构造不同，及更残酷的生死竞争，就更不会产生共同的语言了。
另外，动物界的情感主要就是发怒、恐惧、惊呼，连找到食物猎物时的满足、兴奋都会本能压抑声音，生怕被其它动物听到，故，这几种情感的情不自禁的发声不需要、也不该流传成语言。
同理，即使是人类社会，当实行霸权等级制统治时期，也几乎不能产生或丰富语言，反而会压抑已有的语言，如禁止全民自由言论，打压自由的演出，甚至残酷割掉弱者奴隶的舌头等，最多只会创造那些故意混淆视听、颠倒是非的语言，以迎合、维持这反动、荒谬的统治，如中国古代的“三纲五常”“君要臣死，臣不得不死”“父要子亡子不得不亡”，现代创造的许多新词语，如“统一思想”“统一表达”等。中国有史记载以来，从秦始皇开始的“焚书坑儒”、到汉武帝的“罢黜百家，独尊儒术”、到清朝的“文字狱”、到中共毛泽东时代的“文化大革命”等等就是此类代代相传对语言文化的命运革除。
可见，要产生精神产物的语言，需要这几个前提：
- 、每个动物必须精神自由，没有外界的固定强制，
- 、也没有过多的生活压力，生活也不能过于单一化，而得丰富多彩。
（3）、唯才是举，不唯权贵是从，使个体喜欢当精神先进、大师、导师或学生，敢于、勤于、善于以独创语言来引导大家或传播良好的语言。
（4）、语言更是彼此交流的需要，就必须：
A,二个以上群居，多多益善，就需要群体有较好的向心力、凝聚力，如果只是流行分散独居，只能自言自语，只会使语言萎缩或错乱；
B,还得各方面都需要交流，那就得大家都有权讨论各方面，使时时、处处、事事都会有众人参与，多方交流，才能更好协作，齐心协力，更要有全面交流的精神需要，如信仰自由。如果处处设限，只会令人生畏，敬而远之；
C,更需彼此之间愿意交流，那就需要大家地位平等，如果一方居高临下，颐指气使，强迫命令，压制异议，另一方唯唯诺诺，点头哈腰，都无需丰富的语言，即使霸权者要求令行禁止，被压迫者惯于阿谀奉承，也都使语言有极大的局限性，简单化，特别是呕心难闻，无法使平民大众内心愉悦接受；
D、最后需要大家能够顺畅交流，如果虽然大家平等、自由，但导致并放任少数人滥用自由，无自律的占用公共平台，一直影响他人众人等，不仅令人生厌，如鸡同鸭讲，而且，会使群居解体分散，故，并需要机制能够维持好大家的交流互动，能心平气和，互谅互让，互助博爱，有责任感。
（5）、语言还需要统一共识，而不能只是各执一词，各有所爱，如同当代世界各国各民族自说自话，貌似文化丰富，实际上导致交流困难，至少需要花费成倍的时间、精力来翻译语言，还难免误解丛生，进而彼此陌生、隔阂，互相封闭，固执无知，如同退化到动物界或奴隶社会的原始落后，画地为牢，封建割据，野蛮对立的状态。
故，就需要有机制使大家对于约定俗成的或多数人喜闻乐道的语言，上升为全体遵守的标准，不再基于自私或习惯而固执己见，拒绝统一语言，也不再故弄玄虚，造成异议与误解，而是一起共同完善、固定语言，并推广普及，使无论天南地北，无论种族、地域、渊源的差别，都能彼此畅所欲言，轻松的充分的奉献自己的仁慈、幽默、美好，使人人能无障碍的感受他人众人的关爱，获得他人众人的智慧，相得益彰。
语言当然也需要生理载体，只要有精神的动物几乎都具备发声器官，只不过人类因直立及手的分工，为语言表达提供了比较好的辅助载体，当个人原创相应语言时，难免他人听不懂，就需要做出相应的肢体动作来辅助，只有手才方便。
故，有些科学家认为直立使人类进化出了完善的发音器官等，这并非人类能够产生语言的关键，因为，几乎每种动物都有发音器官，许多动物还有高于人类的发音器官，如鸟类天生都如“歌唱家”，但就是只能“叽叽喳喳”，连废话都不会说，产生不了丰富的语言。
至于恩格斯及有的科学家说，是劳动产生了语言。远远不足为凭，因为，劳动做事主要是人对客观对象、大自然的活动，人与非人的对象是无需，也无法靠语言沟通的，而且，即使是集体劳动，如果盛行的是奴隶制，哪怕是雇佣制，劳动者之间也是极少需要什么语言来讨论交流的，奴隶主或私营雇主大都事先规定了劳动的各方面要求，无需员工发挥多少主观能动性，雇主也深知，员工因与自己是根本对立关系，自己不可能让任何员工与自己平等的共享利益，以致事实上他们也不会发挥多少主要有利于雇主的主观能动性语言，即使有相关语言，也多是表面助人，实质自私自利，就使自己需要费心劳神的甄别，还难免被误导误己。故，雇主甚至禁止员工在劳动过程中说话，以免影响工作效率，导致彼此莫衷一是，即使是下班后，奴隶或雇工之间的交流也往往被限制，至少不被提倡，防止他们私下串通对抗自己。
那么，古猿人时代实行了哪些制度，才能够使语言必然产生呢？
- 民主选举及其竞选活动才能够鼓励、刺激众多具有潜在语言能力者靠语言表达来获胜。要想成为候选人，说服大家，完全信任自己，就得靠丰富多彩的语言来演讲、竞选，往往善于创造语言者会被公认为为智者、导师，加之能够很好的表现自己，而受人追捧，当选为领导。
但是，民主竞选也只有候选人个人较多发表语言，加之只是每隔几年或一定时期才能进行一次，就使语言产生在空间与时间上大大受限，只及不到百分之一，故，唯有——
- 全民有权时时、处处、对事事提议公决，才使：主体上，从少数几个人千百倍扩大至全民；时间上，从每个几年缩短到每时每刻；空间上，从竞选演讲的寥寥几处扩及到人人涉足的各地各处；对象上，从候选人一揽子包干的简单语言无限丰富到万事万物的具体细节！都需要畅所欲言，以理服人，而唯有需要讲理，特别是大家互相讲理，才能很快产生丰富、理性且美妙的语言！
- 一个人要创造全新的语言，除了需要有相应的天分并融于身外的生活生产外，还需要有正义感，不能过于自私，因为自私就使自己往往局限于自己的小圈，难免鼠目寸光，无能产生千百倍、亿万倍的语言，而且，自私意味着不想、担心、害怕他人众人知晓、分享、妨碍自己的私利私生活，就更抑制交流及其语言。民主选举制，使候选人只能靠为了大家公义的正义感及其丰富的理性的无私的语言演讲，才能“得民心者得天下”；而直接民主制的人人有权提议并参与全民公决制，才使人人都能够、都愿意成为语言大师或学生；同时，要博得他人众人的爱戴拥护，还需要声情并茂，讲究语言的动听；特别是—
4、当人类直立生活后，男女之间的性交已不能继续如脊椎动物的公兽从背后“袭击”母兽了，而需要面对面，就得直面女性的眼神、表情，加之人类从猿猴质变成人，依前述，是靠母猿猴第一手关键作为，母猿猴及其后来的女性赢得了男性的敬佩、乃至尊重，大家的平等还自然包括男女之间的平等，以致男女之间要性交，就得女方同意，就得有感情，就需要语言来表达爱情，而这方面语言的原创才最富有灵感而泉涌，加之古猿人依野生动物的自然习惯，没有所谓的爱情专一、从一而终、一夫一妻等自我约束，而是有感而发，大爱无疆，畅所欲言，爱的话语就如“爱的奉献”（中国民间“国歌”），源源不断，精彩纷呈！
这就是人类在诞生之初能够很快产生丰富多彩的语言的关键！并得以代代相传，惠及至今的千秋万代！
至于说，为何当代人类的语言还是不够动听，那是因为其后直接民主制的社会被土地私有制及其最大化的霸权等级制国家分化、弱化、异化、退化甚至禁锢了，使语言在量上发展缓慢或淡忘；至于说，为何现代流传许多令人作呕或不快的语言，那更是因为霸权等级制的国家官方故意及民间被迫滋生许多迎合霸权等级制的异化语言，使语言在质上不断被扭曲。
至于说，为何没有形成文字、留下书面证据？那是因为：
（1）合情合理的语言规定无需文字，大家也能心领神会，人人都心有灵犀一点通，心照不宣，快速普及。
（2）大家自由平等，天天开心生活都来不及，就无紧迫的必要把这些以文字来记载，书面记载往往是权威者需要为自己树碑立传或代替自己需要反复口头号令。
（3）人类祖先的猿猴“非常谦虚”，不善于宣传自己，也没有想把其它同类教化成人，而其它猿猴又不通已成为人类的“猿猴”语言，没有文字来声形并茂的宣传、引导，这也是远古其它猿猴没能一同进化成为人的原因之一。
（4）存在时间不长，也没有形成什么公认的自然科学知识需要他人后代系统学习，似乎还无必要形成文字来记述，以致大多数语言还来不及固定化、公认而上升成普遍遵照的文字，语言等就被后起的霸权阶级用于了反面。
当霸权集团划分了所谓国家，实行等级霸权统治时，因其逆人心、灭人性、反自然、反科学，被人民——尤其是当时个个都是天性善良、正直的人人本能的反对，无法听懂、接受，才急需相应的文字来号令全民遵守这些反动规定，因为，任何无理的颠倒黑白的内容，无论当权者如何反复声嘶力竭，灌输洗脑，都难使平民记住，统治阶级就急需形成相应的文字来公示于众，强制大家看懂记牢，无异议的服从。
至于说，为何霸权等级制统治的社会语言文字也还比较丰富发达，那也是因为，霸权统治的特点是：普天之下，莫非王土；率土之滨，莫非王臣；霸权者有权事无巨细都予以管理、规范，就需要产生无数相关的文字来表达，以致许多文字的形成就刻下赤裸裸的霸权等级含义，如中文“王”字：“一”人之下的全部“土”地；如“天”：“一人”之上“一”统天空；就连“大”也是“一人”构成，意味着，权力、力量最大者就是最高独裁者一人。
可见，只有平等、自由，并实行直接民主制的人类社会才能产生丰富的语言，实行等级霸权统治的社会几乎不能产生理性的语言，它们流传的语言来自于最初民主社会的遗传，它们原创的语言文字则多是对原有语言的恶化、丑化；实行间接民主制（土地私有制及相对多数选举）的社会也很难产生丰富理性的语言，因为，当广大人民的说话不能有效，不能启动全民公决，即使形成了共识，也不能具有法律效力时，国家政策始终只能极少数政客、执政党轮流说了算，那广大人民就等于说了白说，就不如不说，在有言论自由下，就堕落成乱说、故意反说，原创的语言文字也多是异化，连古猿人流传下来的笑，也变成后代人类难得的精神奢侈品，或只有苦笑、嘲笑、阴笑、狂笑—
证据2、笑及哭的产生。
生物的本质是生存，生存基本靠起生理物质活动，可以不需要什么精神因素，植物就没有精神，没有五情六欲，动物包括人类虽然有精神，但体质并不存在哭笑的机能或基因。动物至今基本上不会哭笑，某些动物会流泪，要么只是“鳄鱼的眼泪”，要么是对眼睛起润滑作用，即使猩猩、老牛等遇到极度痛苦时有的会挤出点点眼泪，但离人类的痛哭还有重大差别；至于笑，就几乎只是人类的专利。
尽管有史记载的人类社会延续了几千年，哭笑相传了数千代，但人体仍然没有进化出哭笑的基因组织或器官，那么，究竟是什么因素使人类会哭笑呢？
既然生理内没有因果关系，就只能是基于生理外的因素——精神。当然，精神也是靠生理的相关载体、五官等器官来起作用。问题是，动物同样有精神，为何唯独使人类产生了哭笑？
先从动物为何不能产生哭笑来反推。动物也有各种器官、载体，也有精神，但就是不能产生出人类的哭笑。这是因为，在动物世界里，只有纯粹的自私，彼此之间弱肉强食，即使是母子之间的关系也大多维持在母兽对幼子的基本抚育期内，一旦子女能够独立生活了，就分道扬镳，各自为政，甚至当母兽也面临生死饥饿时，还会直接吃掉子女。因而，不仅动物之间没有感激，即使是母子之间也几乎没有感恩，即，大家都不能产生感动——感人而动容，就不能带来幸福的笑；
同时，动物一生面对生死竞争的压力，基本处于紧张、奔波里，加之没有以直立为主，也难以有开阔视野与知识，又没有产生丰富表达的语言，就在智商与能力上不能给其它动物带来开心的欢笑；至多只有某些动物如鸟类会因自豪于自己的美丽羽毛、身材等，有时翩翩起舞，但多是基于发情期等特殊生理需要，只会激起异性的兴趣，而非欢笑；即使是某些动物出现怪异动作，却往往使其它动物觉得有机可乘，而乘人之危，只有凶残、无情、冷酷，没有幽默效果。
既然一切动物无论何种行为都不能使自己发笑，那么，动物个体自身能否独自发笑呢？也几乎不可能，因为，任何精神活动或反映都是即时或储存的客观事物在自己内心的反应，由于动物一生都没有经历过感动、激动的事，就不能通过回忆来情不自禁的笑，故，也无能产生笑，哪怕只是微笑。
同理反证，还使动物几乎不能产生哭：尽管动物界充满痛苦、悲伤，但不能产生哭，因为，哭并非只是流泪，还会发出悲痛的哭声，及显示面部痛苦的表情。然而，在动物界里，这些不仅不会获得其它动物的同情与帮助，只会使其它动物觉得自己懦弱，而会恃强凌弱，兽性大发，趁机攻击，或变本加厉，使自己遭到更大的伤害故，动物即使被害，也只是拼命挣扎，不会痛哭，甚至还不会呼救，因为，除了幼子本能发出痛苦的呼唤，还能引起母兽的关注与救助外，其它动物若是呼救，几乎得不到同伴的救助，反而会使欺凌者觉得自己虚弱而更加凶残。
人类也属于动物，如果古猿人社会产生了语言后，却一直徘徊于动物界的生存法则：弱肉强食与自私，也是至今不可能产生哭笑的，因为，语言还具有动物之间生活生产沟通的基本需要，但哭笑纯粹是精神方面的反应，没有现实紧迫性与生理上的需要，就更难产生。哭笑的产生需要更高的前提：奉献与高超智慧！先从哭、笑主要种类分析：痛哭与激动得热泪盈眶，激情欢笑与感动微笑。
（1）激情欢笑。既然笑不是来自生理机能或基因，可以说，是超越自然的，那么，能够使生物、人产生笑的，也原则上需要超越大自然的现象、情景；大自然再美，再巧夺天工，也只会令人赞叹、惊奇，而不会欢笑，故，能使人发笑，特别是古猿人从无有过的笑，必需外界有超凡脱俗，巧设悬念，结果出人意料，又合情合理，充满机智，又饱含爱心，引人向善的艺术表现；要使人能如此表现，必须有完全的言论自由，内容无禁区，当然，并非都必需语言，因为，许多引人发笑的情景是无需语言的，此时无声胜有声，而哭大多也不是因语言刺激，卓别林的喜剧片就都是无声的电影，却赢得满世界的欢笑。
可惜的是，几十亿人口，千百年来，满世界就只是出了这如同昙花一现的寥寥数位幽默大师，这种亿万分之一的比例远远不可能诞生一种新生事物，因为，任何事物的发展、变化，特别是质的飞跃，即，所谓“从量变到质变”的过程，就是需要该物质内部的变化因素累积到超过半数的量，才能够达到质变，不仅猿猴进化到人是如此，就连笑，从无到有诞生于人类，也是如此。如果部落、社会始终只有寥若晨星的大师，哪怕只是少数人在日常生活中少量做出引人发笑的表演，也是很难使人类普遍进化到生来会笑，一生会笑的。
要达到“习惯成自然”之习惯，就得有量上的多数积累。任何习惯、质变、质的飞跃，其实就是事物中少数服从多数的“民主”法则，即使就是任何事物的存在，本身也是民主制在起支配、决定性作用：事物存在就是“质的规定性”，而任何事物的性质都是由其内部超过半数的主要方面所决定的相反，如果一种事物包括社会却是由“多数服从少数甚至个人”，不仅无法达到质的飞跃，连存在本身都已变质：大多数成分已经衰弱或趋向死亡，腐朽、病毒、细菌等势必丛生；如果它还力图表面维持原貌，那必然是内部腐败，腐烂至气胀，似乎还显示更“丰满”的假象！因而，可以庄严宣告：民主制也是大自然存在特别是进化的规律！当然就是人类社会诞生与健康存在的前提与基本条件！
完全可以推理，古猿人时代不仅盛行民主选举，才能使极少数候选人如“八仙过海各显神通”，要挖空心思，用语言、行为艺术来吸引民众开心、欢乐的兴趣，愿意倾听自己的政见主张，从而成为向最大多数人民启蒙笑的因素的大师； 而且，更流行全民公决，才能使几乎人人，至少是超过半数的人们在时时处处，对事事进行超越自然的演讲、表演或当听众、学生——毕竟，大自然再美，也不能使人发笑，就得使自己的主张“进化”得比大自然更精彩，以致个个绘声绘色，人人喜闻乐见，不仅使大家信服自己的政见主题能带来幸福生活，而且感觉到这些措施还能使大家充满欢歌笑语——笑，就在这类大多数人参与的几乎无时不在，无处不在的反复刺激下，终于习惯性的呈现在人类的脸上，发自于人类的心灵，并以最高精神营养的成分遗传给后代。
同时，在日常生活中，因在古猿人时代，不需要，也就没有产生金钱，就不会有人为了赚钱而专门卖笑，凡是有相应天赋者都自发自愿的纷纷就地表演，开开玩笑，与民同乐，由于没有压力，只有引力，使广大观众也踊跃登台献艺，幽默大师层出不穷，普通笑星如满天繁星闪烁，铺满人间的各个角落，以致笑成为当时人类的常态，深刻人类生理反应，不会再被泯灭。相反，如果人类为了赚钱而专门卖笑，那会陷入自相矛盾：观众如果不出钱，我就不表演；而观众则会算计：如果你的表演不足以让我获得如同食物对身体的效果，我就舍不得这并非与生俱有的钱，何况，表演是你的与生俱有的天赋，不会损失你的身外之物，即使不表演时，你同样浪费了时间！于是，大多数人选择等待“免费表演”；而艺人则想：如果我免费表演，观众就更不会花费欣赏有偿表演了，我就赚不到应有的钱。如此，就必然使人类本可以的双赢皆赢（详见笔者另外专著），变成两败俱伤——大师只能独自“苦笑”，人人只能嘲笑，或“哭笑不得”。自相矛盾的社会无法理顺，始终顾此失彼，难解难分，越解越乱，直至大家都陷入死结！人类社会后代、当代的大悲哀就在于基本制度自相矛盾（详见笔者另外的专著）。
（2）至于因感动而微笑。也是因为在大自然中的弱肉强食中，任何生物从来就没有过被感动，故，一旦有，或反复有使自己备受感动的情形发生时，就必然引起自己生理上从未有过的反应，这是作用力与反作用力定律：因感动而笑，就是如此刺激而生，与哭异曲同工，是对立的统一关系。
（3）痛哭。哭的作用本来是通过这哭声及其泪水、表情来宣泄自己的痛苦，更引起他人的注意，博取他人的同情，获得他人的帮助，从而使自己解除痛苦，破涕为笑。显然，前提就是整个社会形成了人爱人、人帮人的氛围，如果人类社会也类似动物界的弱肉强食与一味自私，人人也只会如动物一样：再痛也不会哭，以免也起相反的作用，即使到当代人类世界，就因大多数国家厉行类似动物界等级霸权统治，即使在西方有了地位（在土地上的位置）不平等的机会平等、失去广阔空间自由的言论自由、主要只能由政客轮流垄断国家主权的“民主”选举等，仍然流传类似“莫斯科不相信眼泪”（俄罗斯电影）“男儿有泪不轻弹”“女人的眼泪不值钱”（中文俗话）等；然而，要使整个社会充满人爱人、人帮人的氛围，就唯有实行人人地位完全平等，才不会嫌贫爱富，欺软怕硬，而会同情不幸；当还实行民主竞选时，才会有人嘘寒问暖，扶贫助弱；当进一步实行了完善的全民公决制时，才必然形成大多数人乐于助人，勤于奉献。 只有到了此时，任何人遇到不幸、痛苦时，才会逐步发出哭声，特别是在语言还不够畅通，不能或不善于表达时，哭声就是最简单、直接的求助语言，就能“一呼百应”，引起共鸣，他人众人的帮助能使自己很快破涕为笑。
（4）至于激动得热泪盈眶。也属于感动的范畴，是人在痛苦时突然遇到救星后，压抑的眼泪因感动而瞬间喷发。如果只是受到一般性的感动，则会发自内心的喜悦，本能的微笑，同样必须有前述的直接民主制环境：地位平等与权利对等，使人人想到，我无条件的帮助了他人，他人也会如此帮助我；人人有权提起全民公决及竞选大多数官职，使大多数人需要以随时随地的奉献来赢得大家的爱戴、支持——即使只是同意自己的某个议案，如果提议人的人品不被大家公认，也较难获得众人本能的好感而支持。如此，才能使人帮人、人爱人，感人场景随处可见，需要救助唾手可得，故，激起感激一笑就慢慢成为正常的生理反应，也是对施恩者的起码回报。
从人类流传哭笑的习惯，也可以证明古猿人时代实行的就是直接民主制。
证据3：古猿人寿命的大幅度延长。
猿猴的寿命迄今维持在20至40多岁，而且，还是在当代人类特别保护下。但，远古时代的人类，比如在中国，即使从母系氏族退步到父系氏族时代，只是保留一小部分民主制，那时，中国最有名的三位领导：尧，就活了约136岁（见中国百度百科十八岁，尧代挚为天子—尧立七十年得舜，二十年后尧老，舜代替尧执政，尧让位二十八年后死去。），其后的继承人：舜，因民主制程度减弱了，就只活了约103岁【见中国百度百科舜（shùn，约公元前2128年— 约公元前2025年）】；再其后的禹，与（民主）时俱退，就只活了约100岁（百度百科年百岁，崩于会稽）；而且，并没有记载显示，他们三人是当时高寿者，就可能只是平均寿命而已。但，这已几倍超过猿猴寿命。
然而，禹的儿子基于血统继承王位，实行起类似动物群的国王及同伙进行霸权等级的奴隶制，不仅等于退化到食草动物的群居生活，而且，全方位的以暴力手段控制广大奴隶的人身自由及精神自由，就比任何动物群体险恶无数倍，以致尽管继承了前人直接民主社会的丰厚物质遗产，包括夏禹治水的千古工程，人们的寿命很快就被恶化到只有区区40岁左右（不及野生猿猴，更远远比不上乌龟等可以几百上千岁的动物，实在枉为高级智慧动物！），并一直如此短命至今，当然，物极必反，历代国王皇帝也都只能维持在40多岁的平均年龄上，尽管他们无不不惜代价生产所谓长生不老药或寻找其方法，就如现代医学上也只是单一如此追求长寿，而不可能奏效一样。
当代尽管有西方间接民主制社会为首创造出科技及其物质，使人类寿命得以艰难、缓慢的增加，但在整个社会贫富悬殊，两极分化，就两败俱伤，充斥分居、孤独、冷漠，特别是连生命安全都随时随地受到人人有权持枪的威胁下，精神压抑至极，效果必然极其微弱，而且，多数生产事倍功半，得不偿失，导致大自然——本来在自然平衡规律作用下可以永续存在，正每况愈下，日益趋向毁灭。恐怕，大自然更后悔诞生了人类（限于本文主题，对此论述，详见笔者另外专著）。
相反，完全可以推测，在远古的父系氏族之前的人类更长寿。因为，从寿命的生理因素看，丰衣足食的生理满足，特别是人人都有权当家做主的自由且有尊严的精神满足，人与人互助博爱的社会环境，是人类长寿的不二选择。而精神因素，不仅占据人类健康长寿的99%以上的需要（详见笔者另外的专论），而且，感动与欢笑常在，是最佳精神营养，笑一笑十年少，笑是大幅度长寿的源泉。直接民主制的母系氏族大家笑得最多，理当最长寿！同时，人人地位平等及直接民主制下，既能充分发挥个人活力，又能获得集体里那等于数学上的乘积合力，才能众志成城，丰衣足食；另外，古代几乎都是天然食物，肯定更能长寿。
本来，如果远古的直接民主制能够保留至今，人类寿命必定会与日俱增，如果能够升华到全民主制（政治、经济、道德等都实行相应的直接民主制），人人必然长寿至几千上万岁以上！（详见笔者另外的专著及系列演讲视频）。
证据4：猛兽对人类直立高举双手、怒视的害怕。
本来，狮子、老虎等猛兽并不惧怕比它们高大的动物，长颈鹿、牛马、甚至大象等都是它们的猎食对象，即使是当今的猿猴乃至人类，还是会遭到它们的猎杀吃掉，以致人们总是谈虎色变，大多数人遇虎，只会狼狈而逃。其实，当面对老虎狮子等大多数食肉动物时，昂首挺胸，高举双手，怒目而视，并发出愤怒的吼声，猛兽们大都望而却步，尽管它们不一定善罢甘休，还会反复试探性伸伸爪子，但，一般不敢贸然发起进攻了，最后还会悻悻而退；此时，如果能够有多人联手高举，可能被吓得即刻逃跑的，就是猛兽哪怕是猛兽群了。
之所以猛兽代代相传此类惧怕，很可能就是，当时，古猿人面对猛兽时，自发形成的直立举手，投石或作投石状，并且，往往是多人手拉手，心连心，心手相连（如韩国奥运会主题歌），使它们铭记着这一“高手”绝招（连中文里称武功高强者也为“高手”）,以致至今猛兽都极少攻击猿猴的，可能因几乎所有的猿猴也模仿出了这高举双手的动作，只可惜，猿猴们只知模仿表面功夫，不知就里，不过，猛兽也就是害怕这表面功夫了。有的科学家视猿猴高举双手（前肢），是为了保持平衡，其实不对，保持平衡的动作应该是双手左右张开，如同翅膀，而非向上举过头顶，高举双手反而更不稳。当代人类高举双手则主要是表示在生死敌对斗争时投降的贬义。可见，只有非民主的人类行为才会淡忘、扭曲“人之初性本善”的伟大历史（引自中国古文【三字经】）。
证据5：瑞士、英国、希腊城邦等古代直接民主制的遗传。
当代西方各国之所以能够保留程度不一的民主制，还在于古代的希腊各城邦、大英帝国许多地区、瑞士各邦就盛行直接民主制，特别是英国、瑞士几乎没有中断过，而且，英国经过12世纪“自由大宪章”运动、16世纪“光荣革命”等后，民主制“上升”到联合王国的国家级政府。
那么，这三国古代的民主制是如何诞生的呢？当然，总不会是上帝从天而降的“民主圣经”吧。而地理学上考证，西欧乃至整个欧洲都没有猿猴生存，就不会原地直接诞生人类，西欧的人类只可能是从较近的非洲迁移而来的。依前述，非洲古猿人就是猿猴靠民主制打败狮子等猛兽而质变成为人的，并随着他们的生理、心理越成熟，就越不习惯当地终年被阳光直射及其炎热，毕竟，人类已不像猿猴以在树上生活为主，树叶较能遮挡阳光，并能在高处感受到凉风，而人类则生活在地面了，只会难受。
于是，他们就往凉爽的地方迁移，主要就选择沿着尼罗河顺流而下，向北方漂移；由于尼罗河中下游大都为炎热的沙漠，不毛之地，更不适宜人类生活，就只能一路漂流到地中海，再沿着有稀稀落落的植物食物的海岸继续向北挺进，直到被土耳其的博斯普鲁斯海峡阻挡；由于土耳其仍然较炎热的气候、高原地理仍不理想，他们就横渡海峡（至于为何古人在不会造船时，能够横渡海峡、长途漂流尼罗河，详见笔者另外的专论），到达欧洲，
一下子就被希腊诸岛的浪漫沙滩及湖光山色所吸引，使大多数比较喜欢玩、灵巧者（较典型的O型血）就此止步，分别营造了后来称为的各城邦国家，建造了世界古代最为辉煌的民主制文明成果，特别是实行每户一人轮流担任议员，弥补全民公决制，不失为当时国家级政府中最公平、方便的民主形态。然而，可能因这些先驱们的血质多比较好玩，就没能保持住民主制的完善与优势，而是陶醉于后期俘虏许多外国人充当奴隶，实行起等级民主制，使直接民主基础—平等，被抽掉，希腊民主的大厦当然就会倾斜，东倒西歪，至今难以扶正。
俗话说：人往高处走，水往低处流；有些不喜欢水，或不喜欢希腊地中海式气候炎热者（偏A血型）继续从东往西，越走越美好，就越是停不下好奇、理想的步伐。继续万里长征，直到瑞士那人间乐土，世外桃源，才深深吸引住了他们。而且，即使与瑞士周边的地区比较，还是觉得唯有这阿尔卑斯山峰出类拔萃，美不胜收！于是，大部分性情平和，喜欢钻研，精益求精者就留在这至美的山区，安居乐业，不仅使瑞士遍地盛开直接民主的鲜花，并结出瑞士人民精工细作，巧夺天工的许多手工业之硕果，至今享誉世界！
当然，还有部分先驱（A偏O血型）不太喜欢山区，或不满足于山区的保守生活，而要挺进到辽阔的美好天地，自由驰骋，他们就下山，继续向西，直到英吉利海峡。由于海峡常年的大雾使他们感觉这海峡似乎不太宽，与土耳其的博斯普鲁斯海峡应该差不多，于是，他们中的勇士又扑向大海，乘风破浪，勇往直前，生死互助，并不乏以幽默的玩笑来使同伴放松，虽然途中牺牲众多，但最终到达英伦三岛者都是久经考验的特别优秀者：强壮、勇敢、冷静、乐观、富有进取精神，且保留直接民主制的传统！这遗传的基因也是历代英国人民能够以少胜多，打败天下无敌手，创造出一片日不落帝国的主因。但是，毕竟这些勇士又比留居在瑞士山区者更好勇斗狠，就容易产生称王称霸者，而异化出国家层面的等级王国，直到1215年制定【自由大宪章】及光荣革命制定【权利法案】等后变成有名无实而已。
证据6，中国远古原始社会母系氏族及尧舜禹民主时代的印证。
从地理分布看，地球上主要是非洲中部、东南亚包括中国南部及南美洲有猿猴生存，但就目前考古来看，只有非洲、中国南部等地诞生过古猿人，南美洲似乎没有进化出古猿人，这也说明，从猿猴进化成人，主要靠偶然性，因为，必然性不合自然平衡规律，大自然不会选择自杀——因为，没有直接民主制约束的人类会毁灭大自然自身。中国远古就是先存在母系氏族社会，然后，再进入父系氏族社会，历史教科书认为那是进化，其实那是退化，它是人类之初的直接民主制被逐步阉割的表现，是动物王独裁霸权制的隔代遗传的开始，尧舜禹时代就是中国远古人类的父系氏族制，已经盛行一夫多妻，男女不平等也开始了，部落大家庭也开始分散为众多血缘小家庭，虽然还保留民主选举，但往往局限于各社区头领之间开会选择继承人，只是选择时还是不拘一格降人才。中国教科书把这称为“禅让制”，其实并非头领个人决定的禅让，而是集体表决的结果。显然，这尚存的民主选举制就只能来源于母系氏族时代直接民主制遗传。因为，父系氏族不可能诞生民主制，它是家庭内父亲独裁，部落里由头领独裁，社会上男性压迫女性的开始，而且，很快就合符逻辑的演变成家族式的等级霸权统治，禹死后，就由其儿子启继承王位，成立了中国第一个奴隶制王朝——夏朝，从此后，父系氏族的血统继承加独裁暴政的统治，就演变成历代相传的等级霸权王朝及其奴隶社会或变相奴隶（广大人民被剥夺人权）社会在世界各国多地流传至今（详见笔者另外专著），并一直压抑、篡改着无数科学、真知灼见，包括本文。
（至于说，如此美好的古代直接民主制社会为何还是被颠覆，详见笔者另外专著的深刻解剖）
